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2007, Volume 38 Issue 1
06 February 2007 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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UL> LI>REGULATION OF ASTROCYTIC CONDITIONAL MEDIUM ON THE EXPRESSIONS OF GluR2 AND PICK1 mRNA IN CULTURED HIPPOCAMPAL NEURONS/LI>/UL> 2007, 38 (1):  2-5.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the regulating mechanism of the astrocytes on the expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) subunit in epileptogenesis. Methods The astrocytic conditional medium (ACM) was collected after being stimulated by glutamate, and then ACM was added to the cultured hippocampal neurons. The expression changes of neuronal GluR2 and protein interacting with C-kinase-1 (PICK1) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Results In the cultured hippocampal neurons, the GluR2 mRNA expression was significantly decreased at the 2nd, 8th, and 12th hours after the administration of ACM compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). However, the PICK1 mRNA expression was significantly increased at the same time points after the administration of ACM compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). The ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists D-AP5 and CNQX could not fully block the action of ACM. Conclusion In epileptogenesis, the activation of astrocytes can downregulate the expression of neuronal AMPARs GluR2 subunit by upregul Related Articles | Metrics

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DISTRIBUTION OF PKCγ IN MEDULLA OBLONGATA AND WHITE MATTER OF SPINAL CORD IN ADULT RATS 2007, 38 (1):  6-8.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the distribution of protein kinase C gamma (PKCγ) in medulla oblongata and white matter of the spinal cord in adult rats. Methods Immunohistochemical staining technique(ABC method) was used to demonstrate the localization of PKCγ immunoreactivities. Results PKCγ immunoreactivities were located in the pyramid, decussation of pyramid and the ventral part of posterior funiculus in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral segments of the spinal cord. In addition, PKCγ immunoreactivities were also expressed in the neurons at dorsal horn of medullary and different segments of the spinal cord. Conclusion The distribution of PKCγ in medulla oblongata and white matter of the spinal cord in adult rats are correspondent with the position and course of the rat corticospinal tract. The widespread expression of PKCγ in corticospinal tract in adult rats indicate Related Articles | Metrics

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CHANGES OF THE EXPRESSION OF GLUTAMATE AND NMDAR2 IN RAT HYPOTHALAMUS IN HIGH HUMID AND WARM ENVIRONMENT 2007, 38 (1):  9-12.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To study the effect of high humid and warm environment on the central nervous system and the changes of expression of glutamate (Glu) and NmethylDasparate receptors 2 (NMDAR2) in rat hypothalamus. Methods The experimental rats were put into a simulated climate cabin (with the dry ball temperature of (400±05)℃ and relative humidity of (60±5)%. Behavioral responses of the rats were observed on the time. The rats that displayed a twitch or coma were taken out of the cabin. By using immunohistochemical ABC methods, we observed the expression of Glu, NMDAR2 and Vasopressin(VP) in the paraventricular nucleus(PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON). Results The animals showed restlessness and agitation; their breath frequency increased; they scratched the face with the forelimbs and some animals died in 120 minutes. The expression of Glu, NMDAR2 and VP in PVN and SON were significantly increased in the high humid heat stimulation group as compared with control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The ultimate endurance of rats to survive in a high humid and warm enviroment lasts about 120 minutes. The glutamate in hypothalamus migh Related Articles | Metrics

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EFFECTS OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE ON THE EXPRESSION OF SRC SUPPRESSED C KINASE SUBSTRATE IN CULTURED ASTROCYTES 2007, 38 (1):  13-17.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on Srcsuppressed C Kinase Substrate (SSeCKS) in cultured astrocytes. Methods Purified astrocytes were randomly divided into three groups:control group, singly stressed and multiple stressed groups. The expression of SSeCKS was detected by Real time RT-PCR and Western blotting, while immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the subcellular localization of it. Results Real time RT-PCR indicated that, after 12 hours incubation, both 100 μg/L and 1mg/L LPS were able to elevate the levels of SSeCKS mRNA compared with control group,while 1mg/L LPS did not have a stronger effect than 100 μg/L. Western blotting analysis showed 100 μg/L LPS significantly increased the expression of SSeCKS. In time response experiments, the levels of SSeCKS expression enhanced three hours after the stimulation, peaked at the sixth hour, coincident with its rapid phosphorylation, and remained high until the 24th hour. Immunocytochemistry suggested a perinuclear translocation of SSeCKS, while the PKC inhibitor RO-31-8220 blocked it.Conclusion BR>In cultured astrocytes, LPS can enhance the expression of SSeCKS,increase its phosphorylation level and change its subcellular localization. These effects are correlated with the PKC pathway, which indicates SSeCKS might participate in the signal transduction of inflammatio Related Articles | Metrics

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CHRONIC MULTIPLE STRESS ENHANCES THE EXPRESSION OF DOUBLECORTIN IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS OF THE RATS 2007, 38 (1):  18-22.  doi: Abstract ( )   P>Objective To study the neurogenesis of the dentate gyrus (DG) and the expression of the doublecortin (DCX) in the hippocampus of the rat whose spatial learning and memory function was enhanced by chronic multiple stress. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: multiple stressed group and control group. Rats in the multiple stressed group were irregularly and alternatively exposed to the chronic multiple stress for 6 weeks. After that, all rats were tested for the performance of spatial learning and memory in Morris water maze. The number of newborn neurons in the DG was counted by using immunocytochemical method. The expression of the DCX protein and the level of DCX mRNA in the hippocampus of rats were measured by using Western blotting and RT-PCR technique, respectively. Results The results showed that: 1Compared with the ones of the control group, the multiple stressed rats had a significantly shorter latent period to search the platform in Morris water maze (P<0.05). 2 The number of newborn neurons in the DG of the multiple stressed rats was extremely higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). 3 The protein level of the doublecortin in the hippocampus of the multiple stressed rats were remarkably stronger than that of the control group(P<0.05). 4 The level of the doublecortin mRNA in the hippocampus of multiple stressed rats were markedly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus increased by the chronic multiple stress may participate in the course of enhancing the spatial learning and m Related Articles | Metrics

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THE STUDY OF EXPRESSION CHANGES AND COEXISTENCE OF NMDA RECEPTOR SUBMIT 1 AND ESTROGEN RECEPTOR IN THE BRAINOF RATS WITH SEIZURE INDUCED BY IL-2 2007, 38 (1):  23-26.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the correlation between the epilepsy induced by interleukin-2 (IL-2) and changes of NMDA receptor(NMDAR) and estrogen receptor(ER). Methods Methods of immunohistochemistry, double fluorescent immunohistochemistry and laser scanning confocal microscopy were applied to study the expression changes of NMDAR-1 and ER and the coexistence of NMDAR/ER and NMDAR/IL-2R in the brains of rats with epilepsy induced by IL-2 or rats treated with immunosuppressants prior to the inducement. Results The rats displayed an obvious seizure after the lateral ventricle was injected with IL-2. The expressions of NMDAR-1 and ER were markedly increased and there was a significant difference in immunoreactive average absorbance (A) in cerebral cortex and hippocampus between IL-2 group and the control group. However, with the pretreatment of IL-2 inhibitors, such as cyclosporine or glucocorticoid, the epileptic behaviors of rats with IL-2 were inhibited and the immunoreaction of NMDAR-1 and ER was obviously decreased compared with IL-2 group (P<0.05). It was also found that NMDAR/IL-2R or NMDAR/ER coexisted largely in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Conclusion IL-2 could induce epilepsy. There exist cooperation and interaction between NMDAR-1, IL-2R and ER in epileptogenic mechanisms. Related Articles | Metrics

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GANODERMA SPORE MAY PREVENT THE DECREASE OF CELL PROLIFERATION AND NEURONAL SURVIVAL IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS OF FETAL AND POSTNATAL RATS INDUCED WITH GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION 2007, 38 (1):  27-33.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the intervening effects of Ganoderma spore on the decrease of cell proliferation and neuronal survival in the hippocampus of fetal and postnatal rats induced with gestational hypertension. Methods Fourty SD pregnant rats were divided into four groups including the control group, NwnitroLarginine methylester(LNAME)+distilled water(DW) group, LNAME+LArginine group and LNAME+Ganoderma spore(GS) group. The hippocampal tissue of the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, RT-PCR, flow cytometry and electron microscopy. Results After the application of LNAME, the expressions of hypoxia inducing factor-1α(HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were increased at the hippocampus of E21 brain and continued up to P30 brain. The microvessel density of E21 hippocampus was increased and the structural abnormalities of blood capillary at P30 hippocampus were showed. The cell proliferation was decreased at E21 hippocampus and so was the neuronal number at P30 hippocampus. With the administration of Ganoderma spore, HIF-1α and VEGF were downregulated at E21 hippocampus and were not detected at P30 hippocampus. The microvessel density of E21 hippocampus reached a normal level and the blood capillary ultrastructure of P30 hippocampus was restored. The cell proliferation of E21 hippocampus and neuronal number of P30 hippocampus were recuperatively incr Related Articles | Metrics

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P>INSULINLIKE GROWTH FACTOR1 PROTECTS NEURAL STEM CELLS FROM APOPTOSIS INDUCED BY βAMYLOID PEPTIDE 25-35/P> 2007, 38 (1):  34-37.  doi: Abstract ( )   P>Objective To observe the influences of βamyloid peptide(Aβ) on the proliferation and apoptosis of neural stem cells(NSCs) and to investigate the protective mechanism of insulinlike growth factor1(IGF-1) from toxicity of Aβ. Methods NSCs were isolated from E14 SD rats brains and then treated with IGF-1, Aβ and IGF-1 plus Aβ respectively. The cells were dyed with trypanblue for the count of dead cells and the death rate. BrdU was used to label cells and to evaluate cell proliferation. NSCs and newborn cells were identified by immunocytochemistry and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL technique. Results Cell death rate was low and there were many BrdUpositive cells, but no TUNELpositive cells in the medium containing IGF-1. Cell death rate increased strikingly 6-48 hours after Aβ was added, and a great many TUNELpositive cells were observed in the group treated with Aβ. Death rate of cells and TUNELpositive cell Related Articles | Metrics

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THE INHIBITION EFFECT OF ANTICD81 ON THE PROLIFERATION OF ASTROCYTES 2007, 38 (1):  38-42.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the effect of antiCD81(antibodys against CD81) on the proliferation of astrocytes. Methods Purified astrocytes from newborn rats’ cerebral cortex were divided into 6 groups and added with antiCD81 different concentrations(0,0.1，0.5，1,5，10mg/L). The activity of astrocytes was tested by methyl thiazolyl terazolium(MTT). Three significative groups were chosen based on MTT result and added with antiCD81 of different concentrations(0,0.5，5mg/L). After administration for 24 hours, the cell cycle of the astrocytes was measured by flow cytometer. The corresponding data were analyzed with SPSS statistical software. Results 1By MTT, the average optical density(AOD) values of astrocytes were reduced after administration with antiCD81 of different concentrations for 24 hours, that is, the number of astrocytes was reduced, which indicated antiCD81 inhibited the proliferation of astrocytes and the effect showed a dosedependent pattern.2By cell cycle analysis, a progressive dosedependent decrease was found in the index of cells in G0/G1 phase and an increase in S phase. Such as, the index of cells in G0/G1 phase, was 82.73 in 0, is 8216 in 0.5mg/L, was 78.58 in 5mg/L. Conclusion AntiCD81 inhibits the proliferation of astrocytes and the number of astrocytes is reduced. Related Articles | Metrics

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THE STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF 17βESTRADIOL ON REVERSAL OF THE BREAST CANCER RESISTANT PROTEIN-MEDIATED MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE 2007, 38 (1):  43-46.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the mechanism of the reversal of breast cancer resistant protein-mediated multidrug resistance by 17βestradiol. Methods Two BCRP expressing cell lines of MCF-7/MX20 and MCF-7/BCRP were established in which breast canrcer resistant protein(BCRP) was promoted by BCRP promoter and cytomegalovirus(CMV) promoter respectively.These drug resistant cell lines were cultured in medium containing 17βestradiol. Fourtyeight hours later,cytotoxicity assay,mitoxantrone efflux assays,quantitative RT-PCR were performed to observe the reversal function of BCRP by 17βestradiol on MCF-7/MX20 and MCF-7/BCRP respectively. Results After being treated with 17βestradiol,the intensity of mitoxantrone in MCF-7/BCRP was weaker than that in MCF-7/MX20 and the BCRP mRNA level in MCF-7/BCRP was high than that in MCF-7/MX20.The results of these experiments revealed that 17βestradiol could reverse the BCRP mediated multidrug resistance(MDR) in MCF-7/M Related Articles | Metrics

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THE EFFECT OF MURINE HEPATOMA CELLS WITH DIFFERENT METASTATIC ABILITY ON IMMUNOLOGICAL ROLES OF PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES 2007, 38 (1):  47-51.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the effect on immunological roles of peritoneal macrophages caused by murine hepatoma cells with different metastatic ability. Methods Peritoneal macrophages were isolated from mice bearing with different metastatic ascites hepatoma cells. The levels of nitric oxide(NO) and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α) from macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and interferon-γ(IFN-γ) were analyzed, and the cytotoxicity activity of the macrophages was evaluated. In addition, expressions of TFN-γ and transforming growth factorbetal(TGF-β1) were measured by sandwich ELISA in the ascites of mice bearing tumors. Then, antiTGF-β1 antibody was added to the coculture, and its effect on the expression of NO and cytotoxic ability of peritoneal macrophages examined. Results Compared with those from normal mice, the macrophages from mice bearing ascites hepatoma produced significantly less NO and TNF-α when they were activated with LPS and IFN-γ, and the cytotoxic ability also decreased. Both NO expression and the cytotoxic ability of the macrophages from mice with higher mestastic hepatoma were less than those from mice with lower metastasitic hepatoma, but the level of TNF-α of the former was higher. Moreover, abundant IFN-γ and TGF-β1 were detected in the ascites. Although there was no obvious difference in the production of IFN-γ between mice with different hepatomas, the level of TGF-β1 was much higher in the mice with higher metastasitic hepatoma. Finally, the blocking wit Related Articles | Metrics

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THE EXPRESSIONS OF VEGF-D AND VEGFR-3 IN COLON CARCINOMA AND THEIR ROLE IN LYMPHATIC METASTASIS OF CARCINOMA 2007, 38 (1):  56-60.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of colon carcinoma by observing the expression of VEGFD and VEGFR-3, and calculated lymphatic vessel density (LMVD) in colon carcinoma. Methods The expressions of VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 were observed by SP immunohistochemistry in 55 colon carcinoma samples of different stages and differentiation degrees. LMVD in colon carcinoma was calculated by using Podoplanin as the specific marker of lymphatic endothelium. Results The positive expression of VEGF-D in colon carcinoma (54.5%) was higher than that in peritumoral tissues (P<0.05), and the expression rate of VEGFR-3 (69.1%) was higher than that in peritumoral tissues (P<0.01). The obvious correlation can be seen between the expressions of VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 (P<0.01) in colon carcinoma. We found that LMVD in carcinoma was higher than that in peritumoral tissues and the expression of VEGF-D in the groups with lymph nodes metastasis and invaded muscular layer and in phases Duke’s C and D was higher than that in the groups without lymph nodes metastasis, and noninvaded muscular layer and in phases Duke’s A and B (P<0.05). The correlation can be seen obviously between LMVD and the expression of VEGF-D(P<0.01). Conclusion The positive expression of VEGF-D in colon carcinoma is related with the tumor progression. It seems that VEGF-D induces lymphangiogenesis through its receptor VEGFR-3. VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 might play an important role in colon carcin Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON KINDS AND ACTIVITIES OF PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES INTHE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF GRUS GRUS 2007, 38 (1):  61-64.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective The kinds and activities of proteolytic enzymes of organs in the digestive system of Grus grus were studied to provide basic information for the taxonomy and evolvement study of wild birds. Methods The experiment was carried out at 4℃ by using gelatine polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(GPAGE) ameliorat. Results 1 Altogether 26 kinds of proteolytic enzymes were found in the digestive system of Grus grus in all pH value conditions. 2 The kinds and activities of proteolytic enzymes in the digestive system of Grus grus were affected by pH. The activities of proteolytic enzymes were weakest in the acid environment and strongest in the neutral environment, which shows that the activities of the neutral proteolytic enzymes were stronger than those of the alkaline proteolytic enzymes, and those of the acid proteolytic enzymes were weakest.3. The kinds and activities of proteolytic enzymes of the same organ varied tremendously in different pH value conditions. The proteolytic enzymes of different organs had different optimal pH values. 4. Proteolytic enzymes with 19?kD molecular weight existed in every organ of the digestive system except glandular stomach in all pH conditions. Proteolytic enzyme with 66 and 22?kD molecular weight was found in every organ of the digestive system in the neutral environment. Conclusion The optimal pH value of proteolytic enzymes in the digestive system of Grus grus is 7.0. The distr Related Articles | Metrics

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ISLETLIKE CELLS TRANSDIFFERENTIATEDFROM BONE MARROW STROMAL CELLS 2007, 38 (1):  65-69.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the possibility of differentiating functional isletlike masses from bone marrow stromal cells induced by DMSO. Methods Adult Wistar rat bone marrow stromal cells (MSC) were isolated and cultured then induced for 3 days with serum free HDMEM media supplemented with 1% DMSO. The cells were then cultured in HDMEM supplemented with 10% FBS for 710 additional days. Morphological changes of the induced cells were observed under an inveted microscope. DTZ staining, immunocytochemical stainings were conducted to examine the production of insulin and glucagons. Glucose challenge and radio immunoassay were perfomed to evaluate the function of the aggregates, and RT-PCR was conducted to detect the expression of endocrine gene. Results While MSC cells were typically fibrocytelike, grapelike coherent clustered cells were observed in experiment group on the 3rd day after the inducement of DMSO, which were similar to pancreatic islets. DTZ staining of the cell aggregates was positive as the natural pancreatic islet. Immunocytochemistry also confirmed that these aggregates were positive for nestin on the first day after the inducement of DMSO, and positive for insulin, glucagen on the 10th day after the inducement; while the control group were negatively stained for the characteristics of endocrine. RT-PCR showed the insulin1, insulin2, glucagon and somatostaitin gene expression on the 10th day after the inducement of DMSO. Conclusion Isletlike Related Articles | Metrics

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DIFFERENTIATION OF BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS TO CARDIOMYOCYTES IN VITRO 2007, 38 (1):  70-74.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To establish a new cell resource of stem cell transplantation for heart failure therapy, by using cardiomyocytes from rat marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs). Methods MSCs were isolated and cultured from rat bone marrow, then induced by 5-aza (5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L) for 24 hours. The cultured cells were observed with phasecontrast microscopy. The immunohistochemical technique and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) were applied for revealing the expressions of desmin, α-sarcomeric actin and C-TnT. The induced cells were evaluated by a transmission electron microscope. GATA4 and α-MHC expressions were detected by relative quantitative RT-PCR after 7, 21, 28 days of inducement respectively. Results MSCs induced in vitro by 5-aza could be identified by the positive staining for desmin, α-sarcomeric actin and C-TnT. The number of cells stained positively in the 5 μmol/L was greater than that of other groups. Transmission electron microscope showed that paralleled myofilaments were formed. RT-PCR assessment showed that the differentiated cells began to express GATA4 from day 7 to day 28 of differentiation and began to express αMHC from day 21 to day 28 of differenti Related Articles | Metrics

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IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL QUANTITY ANALYSIS OF DENDRITIC CELLS AND T LYMPHOCYTES IN HUMAN CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA AND INVASIVE CARCINOMA 2007, 38 (1):  75-80.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the number, distribution and expression intensity of dendritic cells and T lymphocytes in human cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma for seeking biotherapeutic evidence of cervical carcinoma. Methods The number, distribution and expression intensity of CD1a, S100, CD3, CD8 positive cells were determined in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma and human normal cervix tissue as the control, by using immunohistochemical technique and computerized imaging analysis system. Results Compared with human normal cervical tissue, the number and the expression intensity of CD+1a, S100+, CD+3, CD+8 cells in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia significantly increased (P<0.05) and had a positive relation to histological grade(P<0.05); the number and the expression intensity of four antibody positive cells in invasive carcinoma decreased and had a negative relation to the clinical stage(P<0.05).Conclusion The number and the expression intensity of dendritic cells and T lymphocytes changed in the process of cervical carcinogenesis, and the results suggest that there are some changes in local im Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCH ON SPONTANEOUS DIFFERENTIATION OF STEM CELLSAND RELATED GENE EXPRESSION PROFILE 2007, 38 (1):  81-84.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the expression of endometrial developingrelated genes, the endometriumlike structure and cells during spontaneous differentiation of hESCs. Methods （1) Embryoid bodies were cultured in suspension for 14 days, fixed in 10% neutralbuffered formalin and embedded in paraffin. Estrogen receptor (ER) was detected by immunocytochemical staining. (2) hESCs were cultured in a 35 mm plastic dish and differentiated spontaneously for 10 days. The expression of ER and Vimentin/Keratin was detected by double immunofluorescence histochemistry. (3) hESCs were cultured in a 35 mm plastic dish and differentiated for 5 days. The expressions of endometrial developingrelated genes including Wnt4, Wnt7a, Wnt5a, Hoxa10, Hoxa11 and ER were detected by RT-PCR. Results (1) The endometriumlike structures were detected in 14dayold EBs and some were positive for ER staining. (2) Some spontaneously differentiated cells from hESCs for 10 days were positive for ER together with Vimentin/Keratin. (3)Wnt7a, Wnt4, Hoxa10, Hoxa11 and ER were detected by RT-PCR in hESCs which were differentiated spontaneously for 5 days.Conclusion During the spontaneous differentiation of hESCs, some cells are liable to differentiate into endometrial stem cells and endomet Related Articles | Metrics

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REGULATION OF EXOGENOUS POLYAMINES ON ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE GENE TRANSCRIPTION IN REGENERATING RAT HEPATOCYTES 2007, 38 (1):  85-88.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To study the regulation of natural polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) on ornithine decarboxylase gene transcription in regenerating rat hepatocytes and to assess the roles of polyamines in liver regeneration. Methods Rat regenerating liver was induced by surgical partial hepatectomy (PH). The expressive levels of ODC mRNA in regenerating liver were measured by in situ hybridization analysis. Exogenous polyamines (dissolved in 09% NaCl) were administered subcutaneously to adult male SpragueDawley rats. Results ODC mRNA expression was always lower in high dose (20 mg/kg body weight) putrescinetreated rats compared with that in control rats during the observed regeneration, especially at the 2nd, 4th and 10th hours(P<0.05) after PH; but it was higher in low dose (0.02 mg/kg body weight) putrescinetreated group compared with that in control group only at the 4th and 12th hours(P<0.05) post PH. The mRNA levels in 0.15 mg/kg spermidinetreated group were below the control group in the whole experiment except at the 10th hour postPH; however, 0.03 mg/kg spermidine treatment, first statistically decreasing the mRNA level in the 2 hours after PH, promoted the increase in ODC mRNA at the 4th and 6th hours after PH respectively. The effect of spermine on ODC mRNA expression was similar to that of spermidine.Conclusion Polyamines(especially sper Related Articles | Metrics

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THE EXPRESSION OF TELOMERASE IN MYOCARDIAL TISSUE AFTER MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA IN RAT 2007, 38 (1):  89-92.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To study the expression of telomerase(TMA) in myocardial tissue of myocardial ischemia in rat. Methods Sixty Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into A, B, C three groups, then each group was randomly divided into control group and testing group.Two myocardial ischemia groups were injected isoprenaline (8 mg/kg), and two control groups were injected distilled water (8 mg/kg) in abdominal cavity.For the last myocardial ischemia group the coronary artery was ligated.The histological and immunohistochemical method were used for observing cardiac structural changes,with HE staining,and changes of TMA in myocardial tissue after myocardial ischemia in rat.The TMA contents were measured by image analysis. ResultsCompared with the respective control group,the expression of TMA in the three myocardial ischemia groups increased obviously(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The TMA contents in the three myocardial ischemia groups measured by image analysis were increased obviously,and had a prominent significance in statistics.Conclusion The TMA expression of rat myocardial tissue was increased after cardiac ischemia. Related Articles | Metrics

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FUNCTION OF HISTOCHEMICAL TYPE OF SKELETALMUSCLE FIBER IN RAT AND MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN 2007, 38 (1):  93-97.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To analyse and study the distribution of muscle fiber and the composition of myosin heavy chain isoforms(MHCs) in each muscular subvolume of the lateral gastrocnemius of adult SD rats. Methods Succinate dehydrogenase(SDH) staining was applied to analyse the proportions of muscle fibers of four types and sodium dodecyl sulphatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) was also used to measure myosin heavy chain isoforms(MHCs). Results The proportions of types Ⅰ(SO), ⅡX(FO), ⅡA(FOG) and ⅡB(FG) muscle fibers in medial subvolume were (10.2±4.1)%、(2.8±2.1)%、(25.7±9.6)%、(61.3±10.1)% respectively, (15.9±8.2)%、(6.1±2.6)%、(22.8±11.5)%、(55.2±12.6)% in lateral superficial subvolume, (21.3±9.2)%、(9.8±2..5)%、(18.5±8.7)%、(50.4±10.9)% in lateral profound subvolume. The distribution of muscle fibers of four types was of a crisscross and mosaic pattern. Type ⅡX muscle fiber had the smallest transverse area and type ⅡB the biggest, with a medium and a smaller transverse areas for types ⅡA and Ⅰ respe Related Articles | Metrics

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EXPRESSION OF VEGF-C AND VEGFR-3 IN RAT COLORECTALCANCER INDUCED BY MNNG 2007, 38 (1):  98-101.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3(VEGFR-3) in rat colorectal cancer, and to provide an experimental material for the role of VEGF-C and its receptor VEGFR-3 in cancer progression and metastasis via lymphatics. Methods The expressions of VEGF-C and its receptor VEGFR-3 in colorectal cancer induced by MNNG were observed by immunohistochemistry staining. Results There was no expression of VEGF-C in normal colorectal tissues, but VEGFR-3 expressed in the lymphatic endothelium. The protein of VEGF-C mainly expressed in the cancer cells and the positive rates were 75% and 100% respectively in the early and the mid-terminal stages of cancer. The positive expression of VEGF-C in the early stage of cancer was higher than that in mid-terminal stage(P<0.05).The protein of VEGFR-3 mainly expressed in the lymphatic endothelium,and the positive rates were 58.33% and 94.12% respectively in the early and the medi-terminal stage of cancer,which showed a significant difference between the two stages(P<0.05).Conclusion The positive expression of VEGF-C in cancer cells is correlated with the development of cancer.It seems that VEGF-C induces lymphangiogenesis through its receptor VEGFR-3.The expression of VEGFR-3 in the lymphatic endothelium is interrelated with cancer progression.The expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 might play an important role in colorectal cancer metastasis via lymphatics. Related Articles | Metrics

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RATIO OF NEURON AND GLIA DIFFERENTIATED FROM THE EMBRYONIC HUMAN NEURAL STEM CELLS AT DIFFERENT TIME IN VITRO 2007, 38 (1):  102-106.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To compare the ratios of neuron and glia differentiated from the embryonic human neural stem cells(hNSCs) at different times in vitro. Methods The cells from hippocampus of aborted human embryo tissue(8-12 weeks after conception) were mechanically dissociated and cultured with DMEM/F 12 medium containing h-EGF, h-bFGF, h-LIF. The NSCs were induced to differentiate by 1%FBS and identified by Musashil, β-Ⅲ Tubulin, GFAP and Galc immuno-cytochemical staining at different times. Results The cell spheres were Musashil positive at the 12th hour after differentiation.On the 2nd day after differentiation,a few cells exhibited β-Ⅲ Tubulin and GFAP immunoreactivities,but no Galc positive cells.The number of β-Ⅲ Tubulin immuno-positive cells reached the highest on the 7th day and the percent was 48.2%.The number of GFAP immuno-positive cells increased from the 2nd to the 23rd day and the positive ratio reached 65.3%.A few Galc immuno-positive cells were detected with time passing. Conclusion 1% FBS may promote human NSCs to differentiate into three cell types of central nervous Related Articles | Metrics

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P>MORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NEURON-LIKE CELLS INDUCED FROM THE RAT BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS/P> 2007, 38 (1):  107-110.  doi: Abstract ( )   P>Objective To investigate the morphologic characteristics of neuron-like cells induced from the rat mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs). Methods The rat MSCs from bone marrow were cultured by being adhered to the culture dish.The thirdgeneration of the MSCs were induced by the neonate rat brain homogenate supernatant for 48 hours.The morphological characteristics and the ultrastructures of both non-induced and induced MSCs were observed under the inverted microscope and the electron microscope.The property of the induced cells was identified by using immunocytochemical method. Results Under the inverted microscope MSCs showed spindle or polygon-shaped cell bodies and the nuclei with one or two nucleoli were located in the middle of the cells.After the inducement the cells appeared neuron-like with axonlike and dendrite-like processes.The neuron-like cells were neuron special endolase(NSE),neurofilament protein(NF) positive and glial filbrillary acidic protein(GFAP) negative by irnmunocytochemical staining.Under the electron microscope the MSCs had plentiful cytoplasm and organelles and had an obvious nuclei containing a nucleoli.There were a lot of microvilli on the surfaces of the MSCs.The neuron-like cells had plentiful cytoplasm and irregular nuclei with one to three nucleoli.There were also plenty of microvilli on the cell surfaces.Conclusion MSCs are one kind of multipotent stem cells and can differentiate neurons with matured organelles induced by the neonate rat brain homogenate supernatant./P> Related Articles | Metrics

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EXPRESSION AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L TYPE CALCIUM CHANNEL IN RAT BONE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS 2007, 38 (1):  111-114.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the electrophysiological characteristics and the expression of mRNA and protein of Ltype calcium channel in rat bone mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs). Methods MSCs were isolated, cultured and purified. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of α1C, α1D, α1H, α1S. The protein expression of Ltype calcium channel(α1C) was testified by immunohistochamical. Ion currents were recorded in MSCs using wholecell patch clamp technques. Results CD29,CD44,CD106 expressed in about 93% MSCs and CD14,CD34,CD45 expressed negatively. A high expression of mRNA in α1C was detected by RT-PCR but no expressions were observed in α1D, α1G,α1H,α1S. Immunofluorescent double labeling showed an expression of α1C subunits in MSCs. Moreover, inward currents were recorded in 16 of 36 cells using wholecell patch clamp techniques. The currents were activated around -30?mV and peaked at 0 to 10?mV and were blocked by nifedipine(10?μmol/L). These c Related Articles | Metrics

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A SEM-OBSERVATION ON THE EPITHELIAL SURFACE OF RAT PINEAL CAPSULE 2007, 38 (1):  115-117.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the structural foundation of transport pathway of pineal secretions from the pineal body to the cerebrospinal fluid of subarachnoid space. Methods The pineal capsule of the superficial pineal body of 15-month and 12-month old rats was observed under scanning electron microscope(SEM). Results Cribriform and trumpet-shaped epithelial stomata were scattered on the pineal capsule.Cribriform epithelial stomata were seen mostly in 15-month old rats.They were composed of many round pores which pierced through the full-thickness of the periphery of the capsule endothelium.The pores were dense and ranged from 200-500 nm in diameter;trumpet-shaped epithelial stomata were seen in both 1-5month and 12-month old rats.Trumpet-shaped epithelial stomata were located among epithelial cells of the pineal capsule.They were round or elliptic in shape and ranged from 1-4 μm in diameter.On the surface of the pineal capsule,many secretory granules were observed.They were spherule and 8001 000 nm in diameter.Conclusion The releasing pattern of secretory granules of the pineal body could include a releasing of the whole membrane; the pineal secretions may be transported directly from the pineal body to the cerebrospinal fluid of subarachnoid space throu Related Articles | Metrics

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INVESTIGATION OF FINGER RIDGE COUNT AND T TRIANGLE OF DALI BAI NATIONALITY IN CHINA 2007, 38 (1):  121-124.  doi: Abstract ( )   Objective To study the finger ridge counts and t triangle on 300 normal people of Bai nationality,and to provide normal parameters for medicine,genetics and anthropology. Methods The ink print of fingerprints and palmar patterns were obtained with informed consent. Results The average value of TFRC was 126.88±32.28,which had a significant difference between males and females(P<0.05),but had no significant difference between left and right hands(P>0.05).Comparing the mean value of FRC on each finger,the order was that:the value of thumb>of ring finger>of index finger>of middle finger>of little finger.And the mean value of each finger had a significant difference between males and females(P<0.05),but had no significant difference between left and right hands(P>0.05).Along with the increasing deviation value of FRC between corresponding fingers,the variety trend of the frequency was gradually reducing,and an overwhelming majority(88.2%) of the value was less than or equal to 3.The frequency distribution of TFRC was close to a normal distribution.The mean value of atd angle was 40.27±4.34 and that of tPD (12.46±4.66)%.Both of atd angle and tPD had a significant difference between males and females(P<0.05),but had no significant difference between left and right hands(P>0.05).The frequency of tPD under 15% was 72.5%,and none was over 30%.Conclusion The distribution of FRC and triangle in corresponding fingers of Bai nationality is symmetric and it shares some common features with that of other ethnic groups with its own char Related Articles | Metrics