Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers in the world. Over the past few decades, there has been considerable research reporting on the mechanisms of cancer development and progression, with multiple nerve as well as neurotransmitters involved. Nerve innervation is also found in ovarian cancer. And in ovarian cancer, various nerves and neurotransmitters play different roles. They are involved in ovarian cancer cells’ proliferation metastasis, apoptosis and changes in the tumor microenvironment. Further understanding of the role of these nerve endings in the development of ovarian cancer is essential for understanding the mechanisms of cancer progression. This will be important for subsequent research focusing on tumor regulation. While glucocorticoids and sympathetic nerve-released norepinephrine are able to promote ovarian cancer progression, serotonin may inhibit cancer cell growth. Also, parasympathetic and sensory nerves are capable of having either a positive or negative effect on ovarian tumors. These relevant studies offer the possibility of new therapeutic options for oncology, it may be possible to mitigate the progression of cancer with inexpensive receptor inhibitors or agonists. This will facilitate the subsequent exploration of therapeutic possibilities forovarian cancer and other cancer-related treatments. In this review, we also present some insights into the role of the nervous system in the regulation of ovarian cancer, which we hope will provide new insights into the innervation and progression of ovarian cancer.