Protective effects of erigeron breviscapus on retinal hypoxia and its inflammatory injury

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2018.06.025

Abstract

Abstract:

Retinal hypoxia injury is mainly about the damage of retinal ganglion cells, including oxidative stress, excitotoxicity damage, and inflammatory damage. Degeneration of retinal ganglion cells leads to dysfunction of optic nerve conduction. Therefore, blocking the damage pathways of the optic nerve cells and enhancing their survival mechanisms in the short-term after hypoxic injury becomes the key to restore vision. Erigeron breviscapus can protect the retina from hypoxic injury through a variety of mechanisms. It can reduce the expression of inflammatory mediators, so it can protect a series of inflammatory cascade effects caused by retinal hypoxia by reducing the inflammatory response. The current research progress on the protection of retinal hypoxia and inflammation associated injury with erigeron breviscapus.

Key words: Erigeron breviscapus, Retinal hypoxia, Inflammatory injury, NLRP3 inflammasome, Neuroprotection

ZHU Jing-yuan BAI Yu-jing ZHANG Yu WU Hui-juan . Protective effects of erigeron breviscapus on retinal hypoxia and its inflammatory injury[J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2018, 49(6): 839-845.

References

［1］Velpandian T. Closed gateways-can neuroprotectants shield the retina in glaucoma ［J］ ? Drugs RD, 2010, 10 (2): 93-96.

［2］Sena DF, Lindsley K. Neuroprotection for treatment of glaucoma in adults ［J］. Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2017, 2(2):1-30.

［3］Kimura T， Tobe Y， Masaki Y，et al. Neuroprotectve effects of a rho-kinase inhibitor alone or combined with an alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonist in a rat transient forebrain ischemia-reperfusion model ［J］. International Anesthesia Research Society, 2010, 50(6): 195-200.

［4］Cheon EW, Park CH, Kang SS, et al. Betaxolol attenuates retinal ischemia/reperfusion damage in the rat ［J］. Neuroreport, 2003, 14(15):1913-1917.

［5］Doozandeh A, Yazdani S. Neuroprotection in Glaucoma ［J］. J Ophthalmic Vis Res, 2016, 11(2):209-220.

［6］Zhou X, Xia XB, Xiong SQ. Neuro-protection of retinal stem cells transplantation combined with copolymer-1 immunization in a rat model of glaucoma ［J］. Mol Cell Neurosci, 2013, 54(2):1-8.

［7］He ME, Wang W, Wu LSh. Study on the extraction of breviscapine from Erigeron breviscapus with ultrasonic wave technology optimized by central composite design-response surface method［J］. Zhong Yao Cai, 2010,33(6):984-988. (in Chinese)

何弥尔，王伟，吴立生，等. 星点设计效应面法优选灯盏花乙素超生提取工艺［J］. 中药材，2010，33（6）：984-988.

［8］Gao M, Huang W, RoyChowdhury M. Microwave-assisted extraction of scutellarin from Erigeron breviscapus Hand-Mazz and its determination by high-performance liquid chromatography［J］. Anal Chim Acta, 2007, 591(2):161-166.

［9］Tian Y, Li Q, Zhou X, et al. A UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of twelve constituents from Erigeron breviscapus extract in rat plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study［J］. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 2017, 1046:1-12.

［10］Zhang GH, Li CT, Wang JJ. Cloning and bioinformation analysis of flavone synthase Ⅱ gene of Erigeron breviscapus［J］. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2013, 38(14):2231-2236. (in Chinese)

张广辉，李翠婷，王建军，等.灯盏花黄酮合成酶Ⅱ基因克隆及生物信息学分析［J］. 中国中药杂志，2013，38（14）：2231-2236.

［11］Cao F, Guo JX, Ping QN. Ester prodrug of scutellarin: synthesis, physicochemical property and degradation［J］. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2006, 41(7):595-602. (in Chinese)

操锋，郭建新，平其能，等. 灯盏乙素酯类前药的合成、理化性质及降解研究［J］. 药学学报，2006，41（7）：595-602.

［12］Li X, Song K, Ynag J, et al. Isolation and characterization of 11 new microsatellite loci in erigeron breviscapus (Asteraceae), an important Chinese traditional herb ［J］. Int J Mol Sci, 2011, 12(1): 7265-7270.

［13］Tian X, Chang L, Ma G, et al. Delineation of platelet activation pathway of scutellarein revealed its intracellular target as protein kinase C［J］. Biol Pharm Bull, 2016,39(2):181-191.

［14］Xing JF, You HS, Dong YL. Metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies of scutellarin in rat plasma, urine, and feces［J］. Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2011,32(5):655-663.

［15］Zhang H, Song Y, Li Z, et al. Evaluation of breviscapine on prevention of experimentally induced abdominal adhesions in rats［J］. Am J Surg, 2016, 211(6):1143-1152.

［16］Zhu JT, Choi RC, Li J, et al. Estrogenic and neuroprotective properties of scutellarin from Erigeron breviscapus: a drug against postmenopausal symptoms and Alzheimer′s disease［J］. Planta Med, 2009,75(14):1489-1493.

［17] Li L, Li L, Chen C, et al. Scutellarin’s cardiovascular endothelium protective mechanism: important role of PKG-Ⅰα［J］. PLoS One, 2015, 10(10): e0139570.

［18］Wang WJ, Ma XT, Han JC, et al. Neuroprotective effect of scutellarin on ischemic cerebral injury by down-regulating the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme and AT1 receptor［J］. PLoS One, 2016, 11(1): e0146197.

［19］Zhang HF, Hu XM, Wang LX, et al. Protective effects of scutellarin against cerebral ischemia in rats: evidence for inhibition of the apoptosis-inducing factor pathway［J］. Planta Med, 2009, 75 (2): 121-126.

［20］Wang WW, Lu L, Bao TH, et al. Scutellarin alleviates behavioral deficits in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, possibly yhrough protecting neural stem cells ［J］. J Mol Neurosci, 2016,58(2):210-220.

［21］Yiming L, Wei H, Aihua L, et al. Neuroprotective effects of breviscapine against apoptosis induced by transient focal cerebral ischaemia in rats ［J］. J Pharm Pharmacol, 2008, 60(3):349-355.

［22］He HY, Deng YH, Zhang BS, et al. Differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal stem cells into neuron-like cells induced by breviscapine ［J］. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2010, 41(1):70-74. (in Chinese)

何红云, 邓仪昊, 张本斯, 等. 灯盏花素注射液对骨髓间充质干细胞的诱导分化［J］. 解剖学报, 2010, 41(1):70-74.

［23］Smith G, Baird C. Survival time of retinal cells when deprived of their blood supply by increased intraocular pressure ［J］. Am J Ophthalmol, 1952, 35 (52): 133-136.

［24］Lafuente MP, Villegas-Perez MP, Sellés-Navarro I, et al. Retinal ganglion cell death after acute retinal ischemia is an ongoing process whose severity and duration depends on the duration of the insult ［J］. Neuroscience, 2002, 109(1): 157-168.

［25］Krizaj D, Ryskamp DA, Tian N, et al. From mechanosensitivity to inflammatory responses: new players in the pathology of glaucoma ［J］. Curr Eye Res, 2014, 39(2): 105-119.

［26］Gherghel D, Griffiths HR, Hilton EJ, et al. Systemic reduction in glutathione levels occurs in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma ［J］. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2005, 46(3):877-883.

［27］Dreyer EB, Zurakowski D, Schumer RA, et al. Elevated glutamate levels in the vitreous body of humans and monkeys with glaucoma ［J］. Arch Ophthalmol, 1996, 114 (3): 299-305.

［28］Osborne N, Schwarz M, Pergande G. Protection of rabbit retina from ischemic injury by flupirtine ［J］. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1996, 37 (2): 274-280.

［29］Chen YN, Yamada H, Mao W, et al. Hypoxia-induced retinal ganglion cell death and the neuroprotective effects of beta-adrenergic antagonists ［J］. Brain Res, 2007, 1148(1):28-37.

［30］Kurokawa H, Nishio K, Fukumoto H, et al. Alteration of caspase-3 (CPP32/Yama/apopain) in wild-type MCF-7, breast cancer cells ［J］. Oncol Rep, 1999, 6(1): 33-37.

［31］Nickells RW, Howell GR, Soto I, et al. Under pressure: cellular and molecular responses during glaucoma, a common neurodegeneration with axonopathy ［J］. Annu Rev Neurosci, 2012, 35(2): 153-179.

［32］Quigley HA, Addicks EM. Chronic experimental glaucoma in primates. Ⅱ. Effect of extended intraocular pressure elevation on optic nerve head and axonal transport ［J］. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1980, 19(2): 137-152.

［33］Tezel G. A proteomics view of the molecular mechanisms and biomarkers of glaucomatous neurodegeneration ［J］. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2013, 35: 18-43.

［34］Joo CK, Choi JS, Ko HW, et al. Necrosis and apoptosis after retinal ischemia: involvement of NMDA-mediated excitotoxicity and p53 ［J］. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1999, 40(3): 713-720.

［35］Dvoriantchikova G, Degterev A, Ivanov D. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) programmed necrosis contributes to ischemia-reperfusion-induced retinal damage ［J］. Exp Eye Res, 2014, 123(6): 1-7.

［36］Laskowski I, Pratschke J, Wilhelm MJ, et al. Molecular and cellular events associated with ischemia / reperfusion injury ［J］. Ann Transplant, 2000, 5(4): 29-35.

［37］Cho KJ, Kim JH, Park HY, et al. Glial cell response and iNOS expression in the optic nerve head and retina of the rat following acute high IOP ischemia-reperfusion ［J］. Brain Res, 2011, 1403(4): 67-77.

［38］Chi W, Li F, Chen H, et al. Caspase-8 promotes NLRP1/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production in acute glaucoma ［J］. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 2014,111(30):11181-11186.

［39］Takeuchi O, Akira S. Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation ［J］. Cell, 2010, 140 (6): 805-820.

［40］Kayagaki N, Warming S, Lamkanfi M, et al. Non-canonical inflammasome activation targets caspase-11 ［J］. Nature, 2011, 479 (7371): 117-121.

［41］Martinon F, Burns K, Tschopp J. The inflammasome: a molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of proIL-beta ［J］. Mol Cell, 2002, 10 (2): 417-426.

［42］Rathinam VA, Vanaja SK, Fitzgerald KA. Regulation of inflammasome signaling ［J］. Nat Immunol, 2012, 13 (4): 333-342.

［43］Minkiewicz J, Rivero Vaccari JP, Keane RW. Human astrocytes express a novel NLRP2 inflammasome ［J］. Glia, 2013, 61 (7): 1113-1121.

［44］Bauernfeind FG, Horvath G, Stutz A, et al. Cutting edge: NF-κB activating pattern recognition and cytokine receptors license NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating NLRP3 expression ［J］. J Immunol, 2009, 183 (2): 787-791.

［45］Puyang Z, Feng L, Chen H, et al. Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss is Delayed Following Optic Nerve Crush in NLRP3 Knockout Mice ［J］. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 20998.

［46］Zhu YH, Jiang YQ, Liu ZhH, et al. The affect of erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) handmazz on axoplasmic transport of optic nerve in rats with experimentally elevated intraocular pressure ［J］. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2000, 36(4):289-291. (in Chinese)

朱益华, 蒋幼芹, 刘忠浩, 等. 灯盏细辛注射液对鼠实验性高眼压视神经轴浆运输的影响［J］. 中华眼科杂志, 2000, 36(4):289-291.

［47］Jia LJ, Jiang YQ, Wu ZhZh. Clinical observation of Qing Guang Kang tablet in the treatment of primary late glaucoma with intraocular pressure controled［J］. Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology, 1994,12(5):269-273. (in Chinese)

贾莉君, 将幼芹, 吴振中. 青光康片对眼压已控制的原发性晚期青光眼临床疗效观察［J］. 中国实用眼科杂志, 1994, 12(5):269-273.

［48］Zeng JP, Duan JG. The effect of erigeron breviscapus on the proliferation and the extracellular matrixes of CTCs in vitro ［J］. Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology, 2003,5(1):33-34. (in Chinese)

曾洁萍, 段俊国. 灯盏花素对体外培养牛小梁细胞及细胞外基质的影响［J］. 眼视光学杂志,2003,5(1):33-34.

［49］Zhong YSh, Xiang MH, Ye W. Protective effect of erigeron breviscapus(Vant.) hand-mazz on retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve in rabbits with elevated intraocular pressure ［J］. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Medical Science), 2006, 26(11):1267-1270. (in Chinese)

钟一声，项敏泓，叶纹. 灯盏细辛对兔高眼压视网膜神经节细胞及视神经损伤的保护作用［J］. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2006, 26(11):1267-1270.

［50］Sun H, Li QCh, Li YJ, et al. The protective effect of Herba Erigeromtis against glaucoma of SD rats ［J］. Journal of Binzhou Medical University, 2007, 30(5):330-332. (in Chinese)

孙晖, 李清春, 李有杰, 等. 灯盏细辛注射液对大鼠青光眼模型的保护作用［J］. 滨州医学院学报, 2007, 30(5):330-332.

［51］Liao HL, Yan YN, Xu XH. Influence of breviscapine injection on hemodynamicsin ischemic optic neuropath［J］. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation, 2004,8(13):2594-2595. (in Chinese)

廖海兰，阎亦农，徐晓红. 灯盏花素注射液对缺血性视神经病变患者血流动力学的影响［J］. 中国临床康复，2004，8（13）：2594-2595.

［52］Zhou XY, Qiao G. Observation of efficacy of breviscapine in the treatment of non-arterior ischemic optic neuropathy［J］. China Pharmacy, 2005, 16(9): 689-690. (in Chinese)

周希瑗, 乔岗. 灯盏细辛治疗非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变的疗效观察［J］. 中国药房, 2005, 16 (9):689-690.

［53］Sheng YM, Zhang Y, Meng XL, et al. Effects of flavonoids of Erigeron Breviscapus on apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells by high intraocular pressure in vitro ［J］. Journal of Military Surgeon in Southwest China, 2007, 9(1): 5-7. (in Chinese).

盛艳梅, 张艺, 孟宪丽, 等. 灯盏细辛黄酮类成分对压力诱导的视网膜神节细胞凋亡的影响［J］. 西南军医,2007, 9(1): 5-7.

［54］Kaushal Ⅴ, Schlichter LC. Mechanisms of microglia-mediated neurotoxicity in a new model of the stroke penumbra ［J］. J Neurosci, 2008, 28(9):2221-2230.

［55］Jiang B, Jiang YQ. The neuroprotective effect of erigeron breviscapus(rant) hand-mazz on retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve crush injury［J］. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2003, 39(8): 481-484. (in Chinese)

江冰, 蒋幼芹. 灯盏细辛对大鼠视神经压榨伤后视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用［J］. 中华眼科杂志, 2003, 39 (8):481-484.

［56］Jia LJ, Liu ZhH, Luo XG. The effect of qingguangkang on the metabolism of retinal ganglionic cells in rats after artificial acute high intraocular pressure［J］. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, 1995, 31(2): 129-132. (in Chinese)

贾莉君, 刘忠浩, 罗学港. 青光康注射液对急性实验性高眼压大鼠视网膜节细胞代谢的作用［J］. 中华眼科杂志, 1995, 31(2):129-132.

［57］Yin S, Wang ZF, Duan JG, et al. Extraction (DSX) from erigeron breviscapus modulates outward potassium currents in rat retinal ganglion cells ［J］. Int J Ophthalmol, 2015,8(6):1101-1106.

［58］Wang S, Wang H, Guo H, et al. Neuroprotection of Scutellarin is mediated by inhibition of microglial inflammatory activation ［J］. Neuroscience, 2011, 185(3):150-160.

［59］Sung NY, Kim MY, Cho JY. Scutellarein reduces inflammatory responses by inhibiting src kinase activity ［J］. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol, 2015,19(5):441-449.

［60］Zhang Z, Luo P, Li J, et al. Comparison of the antiinflammatory activities of three medicinal plants known as “meiduoluomi” in Tibetan folk medicine ［J］. Yakugaku Zasshi-Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 2008,128(5):805-810. (in Japanese)

［61］Liu Y, Jing YY, Zeng CY, et al. Scutellarin suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages and protects mice against bacterial sepsis ［J］. Front Pharmacol, 2018, 8(2):975.

［62］Zhang Y, Hu YF, Yang QQ, et al. Protective effect and mechanism of Qidengmingmu Capsule on diabetic retinopathy rats induced by streptozotocin［J］. Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Meteria Medica, 2015, 178(4): 166-170. (in Chinese)

张艳, 胡樱凡, 杨巧巧, 等. 芪灯明目胶囊及有效组分对糖尿病视网膜病变大鼠的影响及机制研究［J］. 中药药理与临床, 2015, (4):166-170.

［63］Wu HY, Efficacy of breviscapine in treating 29 cases of digoxin eye toxicity［J］. Journal of Jingganshan Medical College, 2007, 14(6):42. (in Chinese)

吴红云. 灯盏细辛治疗地高辛眼毒性29例疗效观察［J］. 井冈山医专学报, 2007, 14(6):42.

［64］Qi Y, Zhao M, Bai YJ, et al. Retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury is mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes ［J］. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2014, 55(9):5466-5475.

［65］Gross O, Thomas CJ, Guarda G, et al. The inflammasome: an integrated view ［J］. Immunol Rev, 2011,243(6):136-151.

[1]	ZHANG Meng-qin LU Jian-fei CHEN Chun-hua. Progress in the therapeutic use of methylene blue in ischemic stroke [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2019, 50(5): 677-683.
[2]	LIU Zong-xiu ZHANG Zi-wei ZHOU Xiao-hong CHENG Yuan GAO Wei-juan. Neuroprotective effect of γ-secretase inhibitors on neural stem cells after cerebral ischemia in rats [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2019, 50(2): 145-151.
[3]	LI Xia LI Shu-qing. Regulation of ischemic postconditioning on signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 hyperphosphorylation after cerebral ischemia in tree shrews [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2018, 49(2): 143-150.
[4]	ZHANG Chuan-rao YU Zhi-cheng LI Shu-qing. Mechanism of ischemic postconditioning relieved brain edema and cerebral infarction after cerebral ischemia in tree shrews [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2017, 48(2): 135-141.
[5]	TANG Fan-ren YU Ping-ping WANG Li GUO Shuang YANG Qin. Effects of resveratrol pretreatment on neurite growth of primary cortical neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury in rats [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2017, 48(1): 1-6.
[6]	WU Yi CHENG Xiang YI Xin JI Da-feng HAN Xiao HUANG Zhong-wei*. Neuroprotective effect of Xuebijing following the brain injury in the rat after cardiopulmonary resuscitation [J]. AAS, 2015, 46(1): 38-43.