Objective To study the effects of pranlinide on cognitive behavior, β amyloid(Aβ) protein 6E10, inflammatory factors and neuronal cell morphology in brain and retina of 5×FAD mice and WT mice.   Methods Thirty two 5×FAD mice and 16 WT mice were selected. All were female 5×FAD mice were randomly divided into blank group and treatment group; No treatment was given in WT group. Blank group was intraperitoneally injected with PBS; treatment group was received intraperitoneal injection of pranlinide once a day for 8 weeks. The changes of cognitive ability were measured by Morris water maze test. The expression of Aβ6E10 protein in mice hippocampal cells and retina was detected by immunohistochemistry. Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The same method  was also used for interleukin-1β(IL-1β) detection (the content of inflammatory factors). The arrangement and morphology of nerve cells in mouse hippocampal tissue were determined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.   Results  The latency time of treatment group was shorter than that of 5×FAD group，and the times of crossing the platform and the percentage of target quadrant stay in the treatment group were higher than those in the 5×FAD group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the retinal area and the brain area of Aβ6E10 in the 5×FAD group and in the treatment group, the content was halved (P<0.05). There was positive correlation between Aβ6E10 in retina and brain (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in TNF-α and IL-1β in brain and retina between treatment group and 5×FAD group (P>0.05). Compared with the 5×FAD group, the nerve cells in the treatment group were arramged in order and clear relatively. The distribution of glial cells was concentrated; The surrounding clearance was small.   Conclusion Pranlinide can improve the cognitive ability of mice. The arrangement of nerve cells is regular, the shape is regular and the boundary is clear; The distribution of glial cells is concentrated; Surrounding of clearance decrease. Aβ6E10 is synchronized in brain and retina.

Pranlinide, Alzheimer’s disease, β amyloid protein 6E10, Tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin-1β, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Mouse