解剖学报

解剖学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 850-854.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2014.06.021

• 人类学 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国全新世人群下颌骨几项观察性状的变异

李海军* 戴成萍   

  1. 中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院，北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-04 修回日期:2014-07-05 出版日期:2012-12-06 发布日期:2014-12-06
  • 通讯作者: 李海军 E-mail:lihaijunchina@hotmail.com

Variation of some mandibular traits related to masticatory muscles in Chinese population

LI Hai-jun* DAI Cheng-ping   

  1. School of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081，China
  • Received:2014-06-04 Revised:2014-07-05 Online:2012-12-06 Published:2014-12-06
  • Contact: LI Hai-jun E-mail:lihaijunchina@hotmail.com

摘要：

目的 探讨中国现代人群（新石器时代56例，青铜铁器时代210例，近代113例）下颌骨几项观察性状的表现及时代变异特点。方法 将下颌角外翻、咬肌粗隆、翼肌粗隆、颏棘等分为几个类型，统计各个类型在不同时代间的出现率并比较时代间的差异。结果 青铜铁器时代下颌角外翻程度最大；咬肌粗隆、翼肌粗隆表现为显著的比例，在所比较的3个时代间都为新石器>青铜铁器>近代；颏棘的在不同时代间差异不明显。结论 咬肌粗隆、翼肌粗隆在全新世随时代而变弱，可能反映了咬肌、翼肌在全新世期间减弱，支持“咀嚼压力在全新世期间减弱”的观点。

关键词: 下颌骨, 咬肌粗隆, 翼肌粗隆, 现代人

Abstract:

Objective To understand the variation of some Chinese non-metric mandibular traits related to masticatory muscle. Methods This study was conducted on 379 human mandibles from China. Mandibular traits was divided into several types, and then comparisons were made among different time periods. Results Tuberositas masseterica and tuberositas ptelygoidea were stronger in Neolithic Age than in the Bronze and Iron Age, and became weaker as human beings move into the modern era. Mental spine showed no big different among different time periods. Conclusion Masseter muscles and musculi pterygoideus internus may become weaker as time period goes by in Holocene, which may be caused partly by the decrease of masticatory force needed.

Key words: Mandible, Tuberositas masseterica, Tuberositas ptelygoidea, Recent population