解剖学报

解剖学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 561-564.doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2017.05.011

• 解剖学 • 上一篇    下一篇

足底腱膜的解剖

陈华佑1 麻吉元1 潘丽雅1 田雯1 洪洋1 秦向征2*   

  1. 1.延边大学医学院2013级临床医学系; 2.延边大学医学院解剖学教研室，吉林 延吉 133002
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-05 修回日期:2017-02-27 出版日期:2017-10-06 发布日期:2017-10-06
  • 通讯作者: 秦向征 E-mail:65023593@qq.com

Anatomy of the plantar fascia

CHEN Hua-you1 MA Ji-yuan1 PAN Li-ya1 TIAN Wen1 HONG Yang1 QIN Xiang-zheng2*   

  1. 1. Class of 2013, Clinical Medicine of Yanbian University Medical College, Jilin Yanji 133002,China; 2. Department of Anatomy, Yanbian University Medical College, Jilin Yanji 133002, China
  • Received:2016-12-05 Revised:2017-02-27 Online:2017-10-06 Published:2017-10-06
  • Contact: QIN Xiang-zheng E-mail:65023593@qq.com

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摘要：

目的 观察足底腱膜的形态结构，为临床应用提供相关的解剖学资料。 方法 解剖50只10%甲醛固定的足，观察足底腱膜浅层的形态结构；测量足底腱膜中间部（跖腱膜）止于跖骨头处内、外侧纤维束的厚度与长度；跖腱膜中间部的厚度。 结果 足底腱膜浅层的纤维结构主要参与前外侧部足底脂肪垫的构成，并形成与足底皮纹相似的螺旋纤维板状结构，足跟部足底腱膜浅层的纤维结构较为稀疏。中间部的厚度为（2.168±0.1139）mm；跖腱膜于第1跖骨头处内、外侧纤维束的厚度分别为（1.33±0.08）mm、（1.46±0.07）mm，明显大于止于2~5跖骨头处的内、外侧纤维厚度，P<0.05；第5跖骨头处的内、外侧纤维厚度分别为（0.29±0.02）mm、（0.37±0.04）mm，明显小于1~4跖骨头处的内、外侧纤维厚度，P<0.05。 结论 足底腱膜浅层主要参与足前外侧脂肪垫的构成，足底腱膜深层对维持足部纵弓的稳定起着非常重要的作用，在足部受力时有效地避免足前部趾足底总神经、趾足底总血管受压。

关键词: 足, 足底腱膜, 跖腱膜, 解剖学, 人

Abstract:

Objective To observe the plantar aponeurosis and to provide relevant anatomic data for clinical application. Methods Fifty formalin fixed feet were dissected and the superficial layer of the plantar fascia was observed. The thickness and length of the medial and lateral fibrous bundles at the middle part of the plantar aponeurosis that ends at the head of the metatarsal bones (plantar fascia) were measured. The thickness of the middle part of the plantar fascia was examined.Results The fibrous structure of the superficial layer of the plantar aponeurosis mainly participated in the formation of the anterolateral plantar fat pad, and formed a spiral fibrous-lamina structure similar to the plantar cleavage lines. The fibrous structure of the superficial layer of the plantar aponeurosis at the heel was relatively sparse. The thickness of the middle part was (2.168±0.1139) mm. The thickness of the fibre bundle of the plantar fascia at the medial and lateral side of the first toe bones was (1.33±0.08)mm, and (1.46±0.07)mm, which was significantly larger than that at the 2-5 toe, P<0.05. The thickness of the fibres at the medial and lateral side of the fifth toe bones was (0.29±0.02) mm, (0.37±0.04) mm, which was significantly smaller than that of the 1-4 toe,P<0.05.Conclusion The superficial layer of the plantar aponeurosis mainly participates in the formation of the anterolateral plantar fat pad; the deep layer of the plantar aponeurosis is crucial in maintaining the stability of the instep, which contributes to avoiding the compression of the common plantar digital nerves and the plantar vessels of toes when exerted with force.