Abstract: Objective To accumulate data for the physical anthropology research of Miao nationality adults,and to find out the kinship and difference between this group and the other 12 nationalities. Methods Viviperception and measurement was used to study the caudomedial part traits of 376 Miao nationality adults (194 males and 182 females) who lived in Renhuai city in Guizhou,and statistical software SPSS13.0 was used to process data. Results Straight thunmb more than straight thumb hyperextension type of the Miao nationality of Renhuai city in Guizhou(males 66.5%,females 58.8%), glabrous of middle finger more than pileous(males 56.2%,females 58.3%), ring finger of most males and females were more than the index finger(males 88.7%,females 91.8%).A host of their handedness(males 90.7%，females 94.5%),arm folding(males 53.1 %，females 54.4%) were type R, and most of their hand clasping(males 73.7%，females 72.5%) were type L.The difference of limb length between men and women was significantly obvious（EM>P /EM>0.05），except the length of the upper and lower extremities（EM>P/EM> ＞0.05）.The majority of males were trunk type(49%) and more females tended to be long trunk type(46.2%).Numerous males belonged to wide hand(34.0%), and more females tended to be narrow hand(42.3%).More males tended to be trunk type(49.0%), and more females tended to be Long trunk type(46.2%). Most of males were submakroskelic type and mesatiskelic type(each account for 34%).More of females tended to be Submakroskelic type .Conclusion The physical character of the Miao nationality living in Houshan township of Renhuai city in Guizhou is most closely related to the Wa nationality in Yunnan Gengma, Kemu nationality in Yunnan Mengna, Nu nationality in Nu river, Deng in Modern Tibet Chayu, Bouyei in Guizhou Zhouqin, Derung in Gongshan and Mang in Jinping, and females also is most closely related to the Luoba Na

Key words: Miao in Renhuai, Caudomedial part, Physical Characteristics, Somatoscopy, Anthropometry, Human