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2011, Volume 42 Issue 2
06 April 2011 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Expression of mannose receptor on microglia in the brain of normal and inflammatory mouse 2011, 42 (2):  145-150.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.001 Abstract ( )   ObjectiveTo explore the expression of mannose receptor on microglia and its difference in different brain areas in the mouse, in order to understand better the microglial function. MethodsThe expression of mannose receptor on microglia was revealed by using immunofluorescencent double-labeling technique either in ten normal brains (Iba-1 ) and ten inflammatory brains induced by unilaterally cerebroventricular injection of lippolysaccharide (LPS) or six brains with a acute inflammation induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS in C57 adult mice. The comparison of the expressions in different brain regions（cortex, hippocampus, striatum, substantia nigra and cerebellum）was done in those normal and inflammatory mice, respectively. ResultsThe expression of mannose receptor (CD206) showed clearly in part of microglia (both of Iba-1 positive cells and OX-6 positive cells) either in normal and inflammatory cortex. The CD206 positive cells were 83% and 94% in total cortical microglia, respectively. The activated microglia (OX-6 positive cells) in total CD206 positive cells were 79%,81%,74%,53% and 66% in the cortex, hippocampus, striatum, substantia nigra and cerebellum, while the CD206 positive cells in activated microglia were 63%,48%,49%,53% and 52%, respectively. ConclusionEither the rest or activated microglia express mannose receptors and this expression can be enhanced by brain inflammation. This expression has also a regional difference in the brain. The ratio of activated microglia in total CD206 positive cells is lower in substantia nigra than that in other brain areas, while the ratio of CD206 positive cells in activated microglia is lower in hippocampus. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of glucocorticoid receptors in medial prefrontal cortex is increased in posttraumatic stress disorder rats 2011, 42 (2):  151-154.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.002 Abstract ( )   ObjectiveTo observe the expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rats. MethodsThe single prolonged stress (SPS) method was used to set up the rat PTSD models. A total of ninety male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days of SPS groups and normal control group. Immunohistochemistry,Western blotting, RT-PCR and image analysis and statistical analysis were used to detect the activity of GR. ResultsThe activity of GR in mPFC neurons gradually increased at the 7th day and the 14th day after exposure to SPS compared with the control group, reached the maximum at the 14th day after exposure to SPS, the 28th day restorative down, but still higher than the control group (EM>P/EM><0.05). ConclusionExpression of GR may be related to the pathogenesis of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of neuropeptide Y and synapses in hippocampus after hypoxia preconditioning in mice 2011, 42 (2):  155-158.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.003 Abstract ( )   ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of neural protection after hypoxia preconditioning. MethodsMice were randomly divided into control group (H0 group) and hypoxia group (H4 group). H4 group were built up models of hypoxia preconditioning by keeping them in hypoxia repeatedly, H0 group were kept intact. The expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and synaptophysin in hippocampus was assessed with immunohistochemistry, and morphology of asymmetric synapses and perforated asymmetric synapses in the CA1 of hippocampus was observed by electron microscopy and their numbers were counted. ResultsComparing with H0 group, there was a moderate increase in the number of NPY positive cells,and a significant increase in the number of synaptophysin positive cells respectively in hippocampus(EM>n/EM>=30), but the number of asymmetric synapses and perforated asymmetric synapses presenting in CA1 region of hippocampus decreased in H4 group(EM>n/EM>=6). ConclusionThe changes took place in hippocampus after hypoxia preconditioning might decrease the neuronal exciting so that increase the brain’s tolerance to hypoxia/ischemia and thus protected neurons. Related Articles | Metrics

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Neural stem cells differentiated into dopaminergic neurons by nuclear receptor related factor 1 gene overexpression 2011, 42 (2):  159-163.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.004 Abstract ( )   ObjectiveTo study the effect of orphan nuclear receptor related factor 1 (Nurr1) gene on inducing neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from rat midbrain to differentiate into dopaminergic neuronsEM> in vitro/EM>. MethodsThe eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1-Nurr1 was constructed by gene recombination technology and transfected into P3 NSCs through electroporation. The transfection efficiency was measured by fluorescence microscope, and the expression of Nurr1 in NSCs was detected by Western blotting. After differentiated for 3 weeks in vitro, the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and microtubule associated proteins-2 (MAP-2) were detected by double-immunofluorescence labeling. ResultsThe transfection efficiency was about 35% 48 hours after transfection by electroporation, and Nurr1 protein was over-expressed 1 week after transfection with recombinant pEGFP-N1-Nurr1, increased about 5 times compared with the control group. Immunofluorescence showed that the proportion of TH positive neurons was 15.45%, which was markedly increased as compared with the control group. But there was no difference with the number of MAP-2 positive neurons. ConclusionThe findings demonstrate that NSCs can be induced to differentiate into TH positive dopaminergic neurons through Nurr1 gene overexpression. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Akt signal pathway and the protective effects of focal cerebral ischemic postconditioning in mice 2011, 42 (2):  164-169.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.005 Abstract ( )   P>ObjectiveTo investigate the changes in p-Akt and Bid after ischemia reperfusion(I/R)injury and ischemic postconditioning(IP),and the relationship between p-Akt and IP. MethodsFocal ischemia was generated by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO). Totally 315 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups：Sham group,I/R group,IP group,IP plus LY group.At the right time point,the brain tissue samples were prepaired for brain histology and determination of the experssion of p-Akt and Bid,by means of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.The volume ratio of the cerebral infarction was estimated by 20 g/L TTC staining. ResultsIn the cytoplasm of nerve cells,the levels of Akt and Bid were higher in I/R mice than those in Sham mice.The expression of p-Akt in the cytoplasm began to increase at the 0.5 hour, increased to the highest level at the 1st hour (EM>P/EM><0.05),and then gradually returned to the basic level.But the expression of Bid began to increase at the 6th hour, increased to the highest level at the 24th hour(EM>P/EM><0.05),and then returned gradually; At the corresponding time,compared with I/R group,the expression of p-Akt increased remarkably in IP group(EM>P/EM><0.05); meanwhile, the expression of Bid decreased significantly in IP group (P<0.05).LY294002,a specific blocker of PI-3K,notably blocked PI-3K/Akt signal pathway and inhibited the protective effects of IP in the brain. The experssion of p-Akt negatively correlated with the activated Bid (EM>r/EM> =-0.826 5, EM>P/EM><0.05).ConclusionThe protective effects of IP in the mice brain is exerted through regulating Akt signal pathway.Perhaps,the up\|regulation of the activation of P1-3K/Akt system is one of the mechanism through which the protective effects of IP can exert .Bid is involved in the process of IP. Akt can regulate the expression of Bid through the death receptor signal pathway./P> Related Articles | Metrics

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Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the medial prefrontal cortex is increased in the single-prolonged stress rats 2011, 42 (2):  170-174.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.006 Abstract ( )   ObjectiveTo investigate the change of phosphorylated p44/42 extracellular signalregulated kinase (pERK1/2) and c-fos expression induced by singleprolonged stress (SPS) in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Methods Forty-five male Wistar rats were divided into control group, SPS group and PD98059-SPS group. The rats of SPS group and PD98059-SPS group were exposed to single-prolonged stress (SPS), and that of PD98059-SPS group were bilaterally infused the PD98059, inhibitor of ERK, into the mPFC. The behavior was examined using openfield test, elevated plusmaze and Morris water maze. The expression of pERK1/2 in mPFC was detected with immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. And reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to detect the c-fos mRNA. ResultsSPS exposure resulted in pronounced anxiety-like behavior and learning and spatial memory impairments. PD98059 significantly ameliorated the behavior alteration. Absorbance of pERK1/2 positive cell, expression of pERK1/2 and expression of c-fos mRNA of SPS rats were 51.54±5.41, 89.61±3.25 and 0.91±0.13 respectively, while the control group rats were 12.18±1.61, 34.22±5.83 and 0.13±0.03, and PD98059-SPS group rats were 26.26±1.42, 60.59±5.88 and 0.35±0.11. These data suggest that expressions of pERK1/2 and c-fos mRNA in mPFC increased significantly after rats were exposed to SPS (EM>P/EM>< Related Articles | Metrics

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Subcellular localization and changes of tumor-related gene MIP in HeLa Cells 2011, 42 (2):  175-179.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.007 Abstract ( )   ObjectiveTo explore the subcellular localization of tumor-related gene MIP， the changes and the co-localization when MIP was co-transfected along with its interacting protein FASP1 or MafF into HeLa cells. MethodsUsing prediction and analysis softwares about protein structure and subcellular localization online, the possible structure and subcellular location of MIP protein were analyzed. Combined analysis results, fluorescent fusion protein tracer technique and confocal laser scanning microscope were used to observe and compare the subcellular localization of MIP in HeLa cells transfected with Pegfp-C1-MIP or Pegfp-N2-MIP alone. Then pDsRed-FASP1 or pDsRed-MafF was transfected alone， or co-transfected with MIP-GFP. After observing the distribution of green or red fluorescent proteins, the subcellular localization changes of each protein were compared and co-localization conditions were analyzed. ResultsWhen it was transfected alone, MIP was mainly distributed in cytoplasm unevenly. MIP’s subcellular location had a slight change as GFP was fused to its N-or C-terminal. The uneven distribution of MIP-GFP was more typical than GFP-MIP and showed a significant punctate accumulation in cytoplasm. When pDsRed-FASP1 was transfected alone, FASP1 dispersed in cytoplasm. After co-transfection, the subcellualr distributions of FASP1 and MIP had no major changes and they co-localized in cytoplasm. When pDsRed-MafF was transfected alone, MafF dispersed in nucleus. But the subcellular localizations were both significantly changed in HeLa cells co-transfected with MIP and MafF, and thus they could c-localize in multiple nucleoli. ConclusionThis study demonstrated that MIP could interact with FASP1 or MafF in different compartment of cells, which suggested that MIP could be an important signaling molecule to comply different function in cytoplasm Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of sodium selenite on the growth and hTERT expression of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell line 2011, 42 (2):  180-184.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.008 Abstract ( )   ObjectiveTo investigate effects of sodium selenite on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell growth and hTERT expression and to explore the mechanism. MethodsSGC-7901 cells were treated with different concentrations(0μmol/L,0.5μmol/L,2.5μmol/L,5μmol/L,8μmol/L) of sodium selenite for 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours. Growth inhibition of SGC-7901 cells was detected by assay of MTT. Immunohistochemical SABC method and RT-PCR assay were used to study the changes of hTERT proteins and hTERT mRNA in SGC-7901 cells. ResultsSodium selenite significantly suppressed the growth of SGC-7901 cells. The cell growth rate reduced in a dose-and time-dependent manner. The same changes had occurred for the hTERT protein level in SGC-7901 cells. The averae absorbance (AA) of hTERT protein in SGC-7901 cells was gradually lower along time, unto 96 hour it was significantly decreased in 0.5μmol/L sodium selenite group or 2.5μmol/L sodium selenite group than that in blank control group（EM>P/EM><0.01）. It was significantly decreased in 5μmol/L, 8μmol/L sodium selenite group than in blank control group all time (EM>P/EM><0.01). RT-PCR results demonstrated there was no obvious alteration of hTERT mRNA levels after 0.5μmol/L sodium selenite treatment. hTERT mRNA levels were gradually reduced along time in 2.5μmol/L sodium selenite group, there was significantly different after 48 hours treatment in 2.5μmol/L sodium selenite group than in blank control group. hTERT mRNA levels were significantly decreased all time in 5μmol/L, 8μmol/L sodium selenite group than in blank Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of barbata flavonoids on the expression of PLTP in the recombinant PLTP gene cells 2011, 42 (2):  185-189.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.009 Abstract ( )   Objective To construct recombinant phospholipid transfer protein(PLTP) cell model and evaluate the effect mechanisms of Barbata flavonoids(BF),through the test of their suppressive function of PLTP in Bel-7402 cells. MethodsPLTP cDNA flag was amplified with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), PLTP/p3XFLAG-MV-14 was constructed and transfected into Bel-7402 cells. The Bel-7402 cells influenced by Barbata flavonoids were analyzed by immunohistochemical assay. ResultThe expression of PLTP was decreased in Bel-7402 cells treated with 160 mg/L Barbata flavonoids after 24hours,48hours,72hours as compared with the controls（EM>Ｐ/EM><0.05, EM>Ｐ/EM><0.05,EM>Ｐ/EM><0.05）.Under high, middle, low-dose BF, treated after 24hours,48hours,72hours, the expression of PLTP had no significant difference as compared with model group（EM>P/EM>>0.05）. ConclusionWe used gene recombination technology to build recombinant gene cell Bel-7402 Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of CTSB-RNAi-LV vector and its effect on mouse brain micvascular endothelial cell line bEND.3 2011, 42 (2):  190-194.  doi: j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.010 Abstract ( )   Objective To construct an efficient vector of CTSB-RNAi-LV，and to investigate CTSB-RNAi-LV effect on mouse brain micvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Methods To devise and synthesize including 19 nt DNA oligo of interfering Cathepsin B gene，the DNA oligo was cloned into the expression plasmid of IentiviraI vector［pGCSIL-GFP,which carried green fluorescent protein(GFP)］．The correct Cathepsin B gene was confirmed by endoenzyme digestion and sequencing．Then it was named pGCSIL-GFP-CTSB. pGCSIL-GFP-CTSB was designed and constructed, CTSB-RNAi-LV was produced by 293T cells foIlowing the co-transfection of pGCSIL-GFP-CTSB and packaging plasmids-pHelper1.0 and pHelper2.0. The resulting CTSB-RNAi-LV was used to infect the mice brain micvascular endothelial cell line (bEND.3), Cathepsin B mRNA and Cathepsin B in bEND.3 were dectected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results 1. pGCSIL-GFP-CTSB was successfully constructed;2.CTSB-RNAi-LV could be expressed in bEND3;3.CTSB-RNAi significantly inhibited the expression of CTSB in bEND.3.ConclusionpGCSIL-GFP-CTSB was constructed and CTSB-RNAi-LV was produced succes Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and clinical significance of methylation status of zonula occluden-1 promoter in patients with non-small cell lung cancer 2011, 42 (2):  195-200.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.011 Abstract ( )   Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the methylation status of zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) gene in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to indentify this roles in pathogenesis,development and classification of NSCLC.Methods The methylation status of ZO-1 gene of 101 patients with NSCLC and 61 patients with benign lung disease were detected by methylationspecific-polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR). ZO-1 mRNA and protein of 200 unmethylation tissue and 62 methylation tissue were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting separately. Result Both of ZO-1 mRNA and protein was significant statistic different between methylation group and unmethylation group(EM>t/EM>=-26.028,P<0.01,EM>t/EM> =-37.216,EM>P/EM><0.01).There was significant statistic difference between carcinoma tissue group(32.7%,33/100) and control group(11.5%,7/61) （EM>χ/EM>SUP>2/SUP>=9.190,EM>P/EM><0.01）. ZO-1 promoter methylation status in adjacent tissues was significant statistic different between lymph node invasion group(35.5%,11/31) and lymph nodes without invasion group(17.1%,12/70) （EM>χ/EM>SUP>2/SUP>=4.110,EM>P/EM><0.05）. ZO-1 promoter methylation status of carcinoma tissues wase significant statistic different between 2-year suvival group (27.5%,14/51) and 2-year death group(43.2%,19/44) (EM>χ/EM>SUP>2/SUP>=4.150, EM>P/EM><0.05）. Conclusion Methylation status of ZO-1 promoter may affect the transcription of mRNA and expression of protein. ZO-1 promoter methylation status of adjacent tissues and carcinoma tissues in N Related Articles | Metrics

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Human embryo choroid plexus epithelial cells express neural stem cell markers 2011, 42 (2):  201-204.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.012 Abstract ( )   Objective In order to investigate whether the 12-week-old embryo brain choroid plexus epithelial cells have neural stem cell biological properties. Method Preparation of ependymal / subventricular zone (SVZ) and striatum brain sections and whole-mound sections of choroid plexus tissue was made by immunofluorescence staining, and under lasers canning confocal microscopy to observe the results and collect images. Results Twelve-week-old embryo choroid plexus epithelial cells express neural stem cell markers CD133, Nestin and Sox2. Neural stem cells markers were in polarity distribution in the choroid plexus epithelial cells, there was no colocalization. A part of microvilli in the apical surface of the choroid plexus epithelial cells facing the ventricular cavity also expressed CD133, while the SVZ and striatum showed a very small number of CD133 positive cells. Conclusion Twelve-week-old embryo brain choroid plexus epithelial cells are destined to differentiate, providing not only the microenvironment for maintenance of neural stem cells in niche but also have properties of neural stem cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation of human adipose-derived stem cells and the identification of biological characteristics 2011, 42 (2):  205-209.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.013 Abstract ( )   Objective To establish a method to isolate and culture adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs) from the human liposuction aspirates, and conduct observations of the cell morphology、growth kinetics、surface markers and differentiating capacity. Method Adipose tissues were obtained from 4 healthy adult women who were experienced abdominal liposuction. ASCs, from liposuction aspirates, were isolated by enzymatic digestion, and were cultured to passage 20, the morphology of the cultured cells was observed. The cell viability was evaluated with MTT, and compared among passage 3,9,15 and 20. Cell growth curve was generated. The cell cycle and the surface marker profiles were detected by flow cytometry. Adipogenic differentiation and osteogenic differentiation of ASCs was assessed by oil red O and Alizarin Red staining respectively. Results The ASCs present a vortex pattern growth with a fibroblast-like appearance, and as shown by MTT, proliferation activity was strong when they subcultured to passage 15, then gradually slowed down, significantly reduced when they passed to passage 20. Statistical analysis showed that passage 20 and passage 3,9,15 were significantly different (EM>P /EM><0.05). ASCs also showed characteristics of stem cell cycle. The positive expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90, CD44 and negative expression of hematopoietic stem cell marker CD34,the blood cell marker CD45,the endothelial cell marker CD31 were observed in ASCs by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression of CD49d was low and of CD106 was negative. Oil red O staining of ASCs after adipogenic induction demonstrated numerous intracellular lipid droplets. Calcium nodules could seen after osteogenic induction and Alizarin red staining was positive. Conclusion ASCs can be isolated from human liposuction aspirates and expressing cell surface markers of stem cells with strong proliferative ability. ASCs also can be induced to differentiate into adipose tissue and osseous tissue under the action of the induction agent. Related Articles | Metrics

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Protective effect of PTEN inhibitors on palmitate induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells 2011, 42 (2):  210-214.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.014 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the protective effect of PTEN inhibitors on palmitate induced apoptosis human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC). Methods MTT was used to determine cell survival; Hoechst-PI staining fluorescence microscopy was carried out to observe the morphology of apoptosis; Annexin-Ⅴ-PI flow cytometry was used to determine cell apoptosis; Western blotting was used to analize total PTEN and phosphorylated PTEN protein levels; Real-time quantitative PCR was for the expression of PTEN mRNA. Results MTT results showed palmitic acid(PA) (0.2-0.6mmol/L) for 24 hours significantly inhibited the growth of HUVEC cells; Hoechst-PI staining fluorescence microscopy and Annexin-Ⅴ-PI double staining flow cytometry confirmed that different concentrations of PA (0.2-0.6mmol/L) for 24 hours, with the PA concentration (0.2-0.6mmol/L) increassed, enhanced cell apoptosis; Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting showed that, the transcriptional and activity of PTEN increased with the increasing concentration in a dose dependent manner; The role of PIC can increase cell survival, inhibit apoptosis, decrease PTEN transcription and protein expression. Conclusion PA induced apoptosis in HUVEC cells in certain concentration; In the process, PTEN expression and activity increased, PTEN inhibitor bpV reduced cell apoptosis, in the process PTEN transcription and protein expression decreased; PTEN signaling pathway might be an important signal pathway, PTEN inhibitor could inhibit this path and play a protective effect on cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of nicotine on the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells in rats 2011, 42 (2):  215-219.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.015 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the effect of nicotine on the proliferation and apoptosis of rats’ aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in order to demonstrate the mechanism of the smoking-induced the progress and mechanism of the atherosclerosis. Methods VSMCs isolated from rats were subjected to 100 μmol/L nicotine for 24 hours，and the cells without nicotine were used as control. The morphology of apoptotic cells was observed by the fluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The rate of cell apoptosis and proliferation was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). And also the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells was detected by BrdU(bromodeoxyuridine)-ELISA kit. Results Compared with the control group (14.46% ± 4.47%), the percent of S-phase cells in nicotine group reduced (6.77% ± 3.41%). The rate of the apoptosis VSMCs in control group was 11.47% ± 2.56%, which was lower than that in 100 μmol/L nicotine group (24.65%±4.67%, P<0.05). The DNA content detected by BrdU-ELISA in the nicotine group was remarkably lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Moreover, there were more cell apoptosis bodies and nucleorhexis in nicotine group than that in control group detected by cytochemical staining method and scanning electron microscope.Conclusion It is concluded that the steady dose Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of systemic transplantation of allograft adipose-derived stem cells in glucocorticoidinduced osteoporosis rats 2011, 42 (2):  220-225.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.016 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the effects of systemic transplantation of allograft adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which are mainly undifferentiated stem cells in the supporting and storing system consisting of the non-specific connective tissue (fascia) stent, on the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone biomechanics in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) rats based on fasciaology hypothesis, and to explore a new therapeutics for osteoporosis. Methods Totally 40 female adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group(A)，model group(B), treatment group(C) and treatment control group(D) (EM>n/EM>=10). Rats were induced osteoporosis by injected prednisolone. Then each rat was treated with ADSCs 3×10SUP>6/SUP> via tail vein injection. BMD of LSUB>3/SUB>-LSUB>5 /SUB>and right femurs,strength and stiffness of left femurs, the levels of serum Ca、P and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were detected. Results Prednisolone injection for 12 weeks, the levels of serum Ca and ALP, the BMD of LSUB>3/SUB>-LSUB>5/SUB> and right femurs, the strength and stiffness of left femurs in B group were obviously lower than that of A group, while serum P levels higher(EM>P/EM><0.01). ADSCs after 4 weeks of treatment, in C group the levels of serum Ca and ALP, BMD, the strength and stiffness were significantly increased, and the serum P levels decreased. Conclusion Transplanted allograft ADSCs could improve the BMD and bone biomechanics of GIOP rats. The systemic transplantation of ADSCs could be considered as a new treatment for GIOP，and this also could provide some bas Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of rosiglitazone treatment on TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rat lungs 2011, 42 (2):  226-231.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.017 Abstract ( )   Objective To approach the effects of rosiglitazone treatment on transforming growth factor-β1/Smad(TGF-β1/Smad) signaling pathways in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty(OLETF) rats. Methods Experimental rats were divided into three groups: OLETF group, rosiglitazone-treated group(OLETF/L group) and Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats (LETO group) as control, 8 rats in each group. The expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad7, fibronectin(FN), and collagen type Ⅲ in rat lungs were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results The expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, FN and collagen type Ⅲ increased in OLETF rat lungs than those of LETO rats(EM>P/EM><0.01), while the expression of Smad7 decreased in OLETF group(EM>P/EM><0.01). The expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, FN and collagen type Ⅲ decreased in OLETF/L group than those of the OLETF group(EM>P/EM><0.01), and the expression of Smad7 increased in OLETF/L group(EM>P/EM><0.01). Conclusion Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of DNA methyltransferase　1 and histone deacetylase 1 in endometrium of women with endometriosis 2011, 42 (2):  232-235.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.018 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the alteration in the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1) and histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1) in endometrium from women with endometriosis and to explore the effects of both DNMT1 and HDAC1 on the endometriosis. Methods DNMT1 was localized with immunohistochemistry，DNMT1 and HDAC1 was quantified with Western blotting in the endometrium of 38 premenopausal women (18 with endometriosis and 20 without endometriosis). Results DNMT1 was predominantly located in the nuclei of glandular epithelial cells and stromal cells. The intensities of the DNMT1 immunohistochemical staining were significantly higher in the women endometrium with endometriosis than those without endometriosis(EM>P/EM><0.01）. DNMT1 and HDAC1 protein levels in the endometrium of women with endometriosis were significantly higher than those without endometriosis throughout the menstrual cycle（EM>P/EM><0.05）. There was a positive correlation between endometrial DNMT1 and HDAC1 levels in the endometriosis（EM>P/EM><0.05）.Conclusion High expression of DNMT1 and HDAC1 in the endometrium sug Related Articles | Metrics

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Temporal and spatial expression of Wnt2b/β-catenin/C-myc signaling pathway in the mouse embryonic heart 2011, 42 (2):  236-240.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.019 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the temporal and spatial expression of Wnt2b/β-catenin/C-myc signaling pathway in mouse embryonic heart. Methods The mouse embryonic hearts taken from gravidity 10 days(G10d), G12.5d, G15d, G17d, G18.5d, and postnatal day(P0d) were used. Immunohistochemistry, RT\|PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the expressions of Wnt2b, β-catenin and C-myc during different periods of mouse embryonic heart development. Results With the progress of the embryonic heart development, the expressions of Wnt2b, β-catenin and C-myc at the mRNA and protein levels were decreasing gradually, and the mRNA expression of Wnt2b,β-catenin and C-myc showed that they were interrelated statistically (EM>P/EM><0.05).Conclusion These results suggest that Wnt2b/β-catenin/C-myc signaling pathway play important roles in regulating the development of the embryonic heart. And it can predict that C-my Related Articles | Metrics

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Structure remodeling of swine hepatic artery in portal hypertension 2011, 42 (2):  241-244.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.020 Abstract ( )   Objective To establish a reliable swine portal hypertension model and explore the morphological properties of hepatic arteries. Methods Liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension were induced by carbon tetrachlorideand fenobarbital (EM>n/EM>=8), 4 pigs served as the control, the hepatic arteries were collected and serially sectioned. The tissue structure, elastic fiber, collagen fiber and smooth muscle were stained by HE, Weigert, Aniline blue and Orange G respectively. The morphological data of hepatic arteries were obtained by the computer image analysis system. Results The portal vein pressure of experimental group was(4.17±1.03) kPa, that of the control group was（1.51±0.79）kPa. The intima and media thickness of hepatic artery was obviously larger than that of the control (EM>P/EM><0.05). The wall thickness and the diameter of hepatic artery were obviously larger than that of the control (EM>P/EM><0.01), the relative percentage of collagen fibers(C) was significantly larger than that of the control (EM>P/EM><0.01), the relative percentage of elastic fibers(E) decreased significantly (EM>P/EM><0.05), the ratio of C and E increased significantly.Conclusion The hepatic artery has suffered extensive morphological remodeling while portal hypertension, and in return affected the h Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between fluctuating asymmetry of digit length and coronary heart disease 2011, 42 (2):  245-248.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.021 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the relationship between the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of digit length and coronary heart disease. Methods Using anthropometry, digit length of both hands of 304 individuals (controls:152; coronary heart disease:152) were measured in men from Ningxia Han nationality. The FA of digit length were calculated respectively and the mean values of them was compared between coronary heart disease patients and controls. Results Our results showed there was a trend as 2FA＞4FA＞3FA＞5FA in both group; The mean values of each FA were higher in patients than those of in controls. There were significant differences in 2FA（EM>P/EM>≤0.01）,3FA（EM>P/EM><0.05）,4FA（EM>P/EM><0.05）,composite FA(CFA) （EM>P/EM>≤0.1）, especially in 2FA between patients and controls. There was a significant difference in|L-R|≥0.4 on distribution of 2FA between two groups（EM> Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between hand length, foot length and stature in rural Han adults of Liaoning 2011, 42 (2):  249-252.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.022 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the relationship between the hand length, the foot length and stature in rural Han adults of Liaoning, to furnish reference for anthropology and forensic medicine and to accumulate valuable data for Chinese physical survey. Methods The standard of methodology commonly used in this field were applied to measure the hand length, the foot length and the stature on 977 adults (487 males, 490 females) of Han nationality in Liaoning country and inputted original data into the computer for medical statistic analysis. Results The variety of the hand length, the foot length and the stature between sex in different groups was obvious(EM>P/EM><0.01) except the group of 40-49 age in the hand length. The regression equations estimated by the hand length were tenable except the groups of 30-39 age in males and 20-29 and 30-39 age in females. The regression equations estimated by the foot length were all tenable(EM>P/EM><0.001).Conclusion The foot length has high correlation with the stature. It is reliable and suitable to use the regression equations to estimate the adult stature in Liaoning country by the foot length. Related Articles | Metrics

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Magnetic resonance venography of the internal cerebral vein and its tributaries 2011, 42 (2):  253-257.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.023 Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the images of the internal cerebral vein(ICV) and its tributaries by the 2D time-of-flight(2D-TOF) magnetic resonance venography (MRV), quantitative and qualitative assessment by the GE advance Workstation,and construct the 3D map of ICV and its tributaries. Methods The images of ICV and its tributaries were got by the 2D-TOF MRV in sixtytwo normal volunteers,the quantitative and qualitative assessment were processed by the GE advance Workstation. Results Display rate of ICV was 100%,bilateral arrangement.Medial vein of lateral ventricle was 46.0%,the distance from the drainage point to the column of fornix was （23.09士1.96）mm，the angle with the internal cerebral vein was(119.9士12.8)°,diameter was（1.27士0.23）mm.Septal vein was 96.8%,diameter was （1.26士0.25）mm, thalamostriate vein was 70.2%，diameter was （1.33士0.16）mm，the angle between two veins in horizontal axis was （79.1±9.2）°.Supe Related Articles | Metrics

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MRI quantitative study of corpus callosum area on midsagittal section in normal human of differential-age group 2011, 42 (2):  258-263.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.024 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the relationship of corpus callosum area with gender and age. Methods Totally 920 healthy objects with MRI examination were grouped by gender and age, corpus collosum areas (CCa), intracranial areas（ICa）, additionally CCa-ICa ratio (CIR) was measured on mid-sagittal section with SE-T1WI. Statistical analysis, scatter plot and curve fitting between these index and age were completed by SPSS software. Results Mean corpus collosum areas of normal males were larger than that of females (P<0.05), but there was no difference of CCa-ICa ratio for gender (EM>P/EM>>0.05). Significant difference of these index across different age groups was testified by LSD-test (EM>P/EM><0.05), it implied that CCa followed inverted quadratic term-curves across the human lifespan, the optimal equation for CCa(EM>Y/EM>)-ages(EM>X/EM>) was：［EM>Y/EM>=457.346+9.434EM>X/EM>-0.113X2］.Conclusion Significant difference of corpus collosum size with gender and age was clearly demonstrated in our study.It predicts that the changes of corpus collosum size follows an inverted quadratic term-curve acros Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical anatomy of the portal branches of right 2011, 42 (2):  264-268.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.025 Abstract ( )   Objective To provide the morphological data for diagnosis and treatment of the liver diseases by observation of the anatomical properties and embranchment of the right portal branches. Methods Fifty non-illness by visual study adult cadaveric livers were anatomied, embranchment of the right portal branches was observed, the main trunk of right portal branches and correlated data were measured and analyzed statistically. Results Totally 82% appeared right and left branch distribution of the portal vein， the angulation was（105.59±13.82）°,there were 5 types for right portal vein，65.8％there were posterior segmental and anterior segmental branch of right stems. There are 6 types for posterior segmental branch of right stems which provide Couinaud 6，7 segment, but 6.0％ portion of 6 segment provided by anterior segmental branch, 2.0％ the whole come from anterior segmental branch. The anterior segmental trunk provide 5，8 segment, 36.0％ 5 segment provided by posterior segmental, 6.0％ anterior segmental branch to 4 segment.Conclusion There are many types for right branc Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional angiography of the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap 2011, 42 (2):  269-273.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.026 Abstract ( )   Objective To determine the anatomical basis of an algorithm to safely elevate the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap. Methods Eight fresh bodies underwent whole body gelatine/lead oxide injection, CT scanning，3D-reconstrution and the vascular cross-linking across the midline were observed. Specimens were dissected by layers. Angiography and photography were used to document the precise course, size, location, and type of individual perforators in the anteriolateral abdominal region. The surface areas of cutaneous territories and perforator zones were measured and calculated with Photoshop and Scion Image. Results The inferior epigastric artery was present in 100% of specimens. An average of (4.8±1.7) perforators with a diameter of (0.7±0.2) mm perforators were located, with a perforator zone of 33 cm2, the flap size was 20cm×15cm.Conclusion The DIEP reliably perfuses the anteriolateral abdominal region; the vascular cross-linking across the midline of the lower abdominal flap is rich. It offers a large quantity of transverse DIEP flap on a pedicle of large diameter. The la Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of the volumes of inner ear and internal auditory canal fluid in thirty normal adults using magnetic resonance hydrography 2011, 42 (2):  274-278.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.027 Abstract ( )   Objective To evaluate the value of magnetic resonance hydrography in the determination of the volumes of inner ear and internal auditory canal fluid. Methods Three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady state acquisition magnetic resonance images of thirty normal adults（sixty ears）were performed by using GE1.5T and eight-channel head coil, then sent to AW4.2 workstation to establish optimal observation plane using multiplanar reconstruction（MPR）and three-dimensional volume reconstruction，to measure the volumes of inner ear and internal auditory canal and establish a preliminary range of normal value. Meanwhile the volumes of inner ear and internal auditory canal with regard to gender, ear-side and age were analyzed respectively. Results The volumes and range of normal value of cochlea,semicircular canal-vestibule and internal auditory canal in thirty normal adults were (101.2±11.1)mm3 and (79.4-123.0)mm3,(151.5±19.9)mmSUP>3 /SUP>and (112.5-190.5)mmSUP>3/SUP>,(220.1±58.7)mmSUP>3 /SUP>and (105.0-335.2)mmSUP>3/SUP>, respectively.The coefficients of variation were 0.11,0.13 and 0.27, respectively. There was no significant difference among the volumes of inner ear and internal auditory canal with regard to gender, ear-side and age（EM>P/EM>＞0.05）.Conclusion Magnetic resonance hydrography may serve as a preferable objective measure for assessing the volumes of inner ear and inte Related Articles | Metrics

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Derivation of neuroglia progenitors from human embryonic stem cells in feeder layer- and serum-free medium 2011, 42 (2):  279-282.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.028 Abstract ( )   Objective To establish a neuroglia progenitor differentiation system from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in a feeder layer- and serum-free medium. Methods hESCs grown in laminin coated culture plates were induced to form embryoid bodies (EBs) for 25 days. Then 25-day-old EBs were transferred to glial progenitor induction medium (GPIM) containing insulin, 5μg/L basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 20μg/L epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 5μg/L triiodothyronine (T3) to continue culturing for 7-10 days. The differentiated fibroblast-like cells were digested and collected. The expressions of neuroglia progenitor genes were determined by RT-PCR. The special markers of neuroglia progenitors were examined by immunofluorescence staining. Results The differentiated cells were long spindle shaped. They expressed neuroglia progenitor special markers NG2, platelet\|derived growth factor receptor α（PDGFRα）. The percentage of NG2+, PDGFRα+ cells was 37.2% and 47.6%, respectively. They could further differentiate into astrocytes and oligodendroglias.Conclusion GPIM containing insulin, bFGF, EGF and T3 could induce hESCs differentiate into neuroglia progeni Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of laminin receptor in testis and epididymis of adult male mice 2011, 42 (2):  283-287.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2011.02.029 Abstract ( )   Objective To provide a basis of further studying functional significance of the laminin receptor 1 (LAMR1) in spermatogenesis, sperm mature and fertilization, the expression of the LAMR1 in testis and epididymis of adult male mice was studied. Methods Testis and epididymis from three normal Kunming white male mice were collected. EM>In situ/EM> hybridization and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect the expression of the LAMR1 in testis and epididymis of adult male mice. Results The result of in situ hybridization showed that LAMR1 mRNA expressed in the epididymis caput and cauda at high levels，and also was detected in spermatogenic cell and spermatids. The immunohistochemistry result showed that the intensities of immunohistochemical staining of LAMR1 tended to strengthen from epididymal caput to epididymal cauda, and also was detected in spermatogenic cells, spermatids and epididymis spermatozoa. Conclusion LAMR1 has a specific distribution on testis and epididymis of adult mice, suggesting that it is likely to have some relations to the spermatogenesis and function of epididymis. The high expression in epididymis cauda spermatozoa supports the hypothesis that LAMR1 plays a role during fertilization. Related Articles | Metrics