上腭发生的分子调控机制

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2021.02.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

哺乳动物上腭的发生包括原生腭和次生腭的发生。其中，次生腭的发生涉及到高度动态的形态发生过程，分为腭突生长及模式化，两侧腭突的上抬/重定位，两侧腭突的黏附和融合形成次生腭等过程。近来的研究表明，上腭发育所需的基因，包括了声波刺猬蛋白（Shh）、成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）、转化生长因子β（TGF-β）和Wnt信号通路，这些信号通路之间存在相互调节，信号通路的异常都会引起腭发育异常，甚至出现腭裂。本文中我们综述了上腭发育过程中各个阶段至关重要的基因及调控网络的研究进展。

关键词: 上腭, 形态发生, 分子机制, 生长因子, 转录因子

Abstract:

The mammalian palate develops from the primary palate and the secondary palate. Development of the mammalian secondary palate involves highly dynamic morphogenetic processes, including the outgrowth of palatal shelves from the oral side of the embryonic maxillary prominences, the elevation of the initially vertically oriented palatal shelves to the horizontal position above the embryonic tongue, and the subsequent adhesion and fusion of the paired palatal shelves at the midline to separate the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. In addition to identifying a large number of genes required for palate development, recent studies have begun to unravel the extensive cross-regulation of multiple signaling pathways, including sonic hedgehog(Shh), bone morphogenetic protein(BMP), fibroblast growth factor(FGF), transforming growth factor β(TGF-β), and Wnt signaling, during palatal shelf growth and patterning. Here we summarize major recent advances and integrate the genes and molecular pathways with the morhogenetic processes of palate development.

Key words: Palate, Morphogenesis, Molecular mechanism, Growth factor, Transcription factor

中图分类号:

Q593⁺.4

许晨胡雪峰. 上腭发生的分子调控机制[J]. 解剖学报, 2021, 52(2): 317-322.

XU Chen HU Xu-feng. Molecular mechanisms of palate development[J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2021, 52(2): 317-322.

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