解剖学报

解剖学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 719-723.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2014.05.024

• 人类学 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州赤水苗族体部体质特征

喻晓丹* 唐立俊 李凤华 蒋贵川 陈开琴 吴仕容   

  1. 1.遵义师范学院生命科学学院人体解剖学生理学教研室;2.贵州省赤水河流域动物资源保护与应用研究特色重点实验室，贵州 遵义 563002
  • 收稿日期:2014-02-26 修回日期:2014-04-08 出版日期:2014-10-06 发布日期:2013-10-06
  • 通讯作者: 喻晓丹 E-mail:987798520@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    赤水河流域苗族体质特征研究

Physical traits of the body of Chishui Miao ethnicity in Guizhou

  1. 1. College of Life Science, Zunyi Normal College, Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology;  2. Animal Resources Protection and Application Characteristics Laboratory, Chishui River Basin of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Zunyi 563002, China
  • Received:2014-02-26 Revised:2014-04-08 Online:2014-10-06 Published:2013-10-06
  • Contact: YU Xiao-dan E-mail:987798520@qq.com

摘要：

目的 本文探讨贵州赤水市苗族成年人体部体质特征，比较分析该苗族群体男女体质特征与其他10个族群的差异，并了解其亲缘关系，为我国苗族体质人类学研究提供基础资料和数据。 方法 采用体质特征观察、测量法对299例（男性146例，女性153例）赤水苗族成年人（20～60岁）进行活体观察及测量，运用SPSS18.0统计软件进行数据处理。结果 男、女性间除中指长和内踝下点高无显著差异外（P＞0.05），其他19项肢体长指标均有显著或极显著差异（0.01<P<0.05或P<0.05）；男性中躯干型较多（55.5%）、女性长躯干型较多（39.9%）；手型分型男性宽手型较多（44.4%），女性窄手型较多（39.9%）；腿型分型男性亚长腿型较多 (占33.6%)，女性中腿型较多（35.3%）；身材多属矮型身材（男37.0%，女54.9%）。 结论 赤水苗族群体男、女性均与习水苗族最接近，与仫佬族差异最大。

关键词: 赤水, 体部, 体质特征, 活体观察, 活体测量, 苗族

Abstract:

Objective To accumulate data for the physical anthropology research of Miao ethnicity adults, and find out the kinship and difference between this group and the other 10 ethnicities. Methods Viviperception and measurement were used to study the caudomedial part traits in 299 Miao ethnicity adults (146 males and 153 females ) who lived in Chishui city in Guizhou, and statistical software SPSS18.0 was used to process data. Results Apart from length of middle finger, the height of medial malleolus subpoint, and the rest 19 indices between male and female had significant difference or great significant difference (0.01＜P＜0.05orP＜0.05). Great majority of males were trunk types (55.5%) and more females tended to be the long trunk type (39.9%). Most of males belonged to wide chirality (44.40%) while more females tended to be narrow chirality (39.9%). More males were submakroskelic type (33.6%) and majority of females tended to be mesatiskelic type (35.3%). Males and females tended to the hypermicrosoma (males 37.0%, females 54.9%). Conclusion The physical character of the Miao ethnicity males and females living in Chishui city is positively related to the Miao ethnicity in Xishui. There is significant difference between Miao and Mulao ethnicity.

Key words: Chishui, Caudomedial part, Physical Characteristics, Somatoscopy, Anthropometry, Miao