Anatomic classification of the subtalar joint surface and its clinical significance

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2019.05.015

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To study the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the subtalar joint surface and to explore its clinical significance. Methods Totally 365 dry calcaneus specimens (sex, age unknown) were selected. Its long axis sum and the short axis sum were measured using Vernier caliper. The Gissane’s angle (the angle was formed by two lines along the anterior and posterior articular surfaces of calcaneus respectively) and the Bohler’s angle (the angular measurement was formed by a line from the posterior calcaneal margin to the margin of the posterior facet and a second line from the margin of the posterior facet to the superior margin of the anterior calcaneal process) were measured using Goniometer. Results According to the anatomical morphology, the subtalar joint surface can be divided into 5 types: type Ⅰ (189, 51.78%), type Ⅱ (80, 21.92%), type Ⅲ (51, 13.97%), type Ⅳ (37, 10.14%) and type Ⅴ (8, 2.19%). The long axis sum of type Ⅲ (4.55±0.6) cm was significantly smaller than other types (P<0.05). With regard to the short axis sum, the type Ⅱ (3.68±0.51) cm was statistically larger than other types (P<0.05) and the type Ⅴ (3.3±1.2) cm was statistically larger than types Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ (P<0.05). In term of Gissane’s angle, type Ⅲ (128.74±6.34) ° was statistically smaller than types Ⅰ, Ⅳ (P<0.05). In term of Bohler’s angle, type Ⅱ (28.69±7.51) ° was statistically smaller than types Ⅰ, Ⅲ (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between left and right sides of the articular facets in this study (P>0.05). Conclusion In this experiment, there are five variations in the articular surface of calcaneal talus, mainly type Ⅰ, and its anatomical morphological classification has certain guiding significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Subtalar joint surface, Calcaneal fracture, Anatomical morphology, Dry specimen, Mesurement, Human

BA-dalahu HE Chun-ying ZHANG Lei LUO Yuan-fa JIA Wen-li CHENG Han-wen FU Shi-jie. Anatomic classification of the subtalar joint surface and its clinical significance[J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2019, 50(5): 633-637.

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