N-糖基化修饰的神经细胞生物学及其在神经系统疾病中的作用

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2024.02.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

神经发育和神经系统功能受到包括环境、遗传和表观遗传在内的多种因素的调控。N-糖基化修饰是由糖基化转移酶催化形成的蛋白质翻译后修饰，参与多种生物学过程。在神经系统中，N-糖基化修饰高丰度存在，调控神经突触的发育、成熟和胶质细胞的炎症反应。异常N-糖基化修饰与阿尔茨海默病、先天性糖基化障碍、精神分裂症和癫痫等多种神经系统疾病密切相关。本文中我们综述了N-糖基化修饰的神经细胞生物学功能及其在神经系统疾病中的作用和机制。

关键词: N-聚糖, N-糖基化, 神经元, 胶质细胞, 神经发育, 神经系统疾病

Abstract:

Neurodevelopment and neuronal function are modulated by multiple factors including environment, genetics and epigenetics. As a post-translational modification, N-glycosylation is catalyzed by glycosyltransferase and involves in diverse biological processes. N-glycosylation is abundant in neuronal system, regulates the development and maturation of synapse, and inflammatory response of glial cells. The dysregulation of N-glycosylation induces neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, congenital disorders of glycosylation, schizophrenia and epilepsy. In the present review, we have summarized the progresses of N-glycosylation in regulating neuronal and astrocytic function, and its roles in neurological disorders and related mechanisms.

Key words: N-glycan, N-glycosylation, Neuron, Glia, Neuronal development, Neurological disorder

中图分类号:

许可星王梦璇李学坤. N-糖基化修饰的神经细胞生物学及其在神经系统疾病中的作用[J]. 解剖学报, 2024, 55(2): 241-246.

XU Ke-xing WANG Meng-xuan LI Xue-kun. Neurobiology of N-glycosylation modification and its roles in neurological disorders[J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(2): 241-246.

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