中国乡村汉族青少年体表面积发育的区域差异

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2014.06.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨中国乡村汉族青少年体表面积发育的区域差异。方法以2010年中国学生体质与健康调研报告中30个省市乡村汉族107745名（男生53857人，女生53888人）青少年的身高、体质量资料，以Stevenson和DuBois公式计算男女性体表面积值。选择7～18岁12个年龄段身高、体质量和体表面积3项指标的36个参数，利用方差最大正交旋转进行因子分析，将各指标参数的均值转化为因子分。以因子分作样本间Q聚类分析(Ward法)，将男女各30个样本归纳成若干类别，用三次方多项式模型拟合上述各类体表面积发育曲线。结果 3项指标（身高、体质量和体表面积）能较好综合概括不同区域群体生长发育的差异；男女生均聚合成3类；男生可分为发育较高组和较低组，女生可分为发育较高组、中间组和较低组；各类群体间生长发育存在差异性。结论中国乡村汉族青少年体表面积既有相似性，又有差异性，总体上呈现出北高南低、东高西低的发育格局,但全国女生体表面积发育差距缩小，中东部及沿海省市有超越北方的趋势。

关键词: 乡村, 汉族, 体表面积, 生长发育, 人体测量法, 青少年

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the regional differences of the body surface area development of Chinese Han teenagers from areas. Methods This report was based on the data of height and weight of 107745（male 53857，female 53888）Chinese Han teenagers’ physique and health survey report in 2010 of 30 provinces and cities. It calculated the body surface came with Stevenson and DuBois’s formula. The 36 parameters of height, weight and body surface obtained from teenagers of 7-18 years old. It used varimax to factor analysis, average of the various parameters change to factor points and factors points to the samples Q cluster analysis (Ward’s method). Thirty samples of men and women were divided into several categories using the Cubic model fitting growth curve of the above body surface area. Results The three indicators（height, weight and body surface area） comprehensively summarized the differences of growth and development of different area groups. Both boys and girls were embraced into three categories. Boys were be divided into high and low development group. Girls were be divided into high, middle and low group. There were development differences among different groups. Conclusion There are both similarities and differences of body surface area development. As a whole the body surface area of Chinese Han teenagers in rural regions of China is lower from north to south and from east to west. The gap of the girl’s body surface area in China is reducing now, and the body surface of the middle-eastern and coastal provinces and cities has a tendency to go beyond the north’ body surface.

Key words: Rural area, Han, Body surface area, Growth and development, Anthropometric method, Teenager

高国柱* 陈立武. 中国乡村汉族青少年体表面积发育的区域差异[J]. 解剖学报, 2014, 45(6): 855-860.

GAO Guo-zhu* CHEN Li-wu. Analysis on regional differences of body surface area development of Chinese Han teenagers in rural areas[J]. AAS, 2014, 45(6): 855-860.

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