The influence of superior cervical ganglionectomy on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and aquaporins-9 in the hippocampus in adult rats

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.02.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), aquaporins-9 (AQP9）in the hippocampus after the superior cervical ganglionectomy in adult rats, and to explore the regulate mechanism of sympathetic ganglion on the brain tissue. Methods A total of 40 healthy adult male Wistar rats were divided into control and operation groups. The surgery of superior cervical ganglionectomy was perfomed in the operation group. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to localize the expression of MMP9 and AQP9 in the hippocampus. Western-blotting was used to quantify the expression change of MMP9 and AQP9. RT-PCR was used to detect the variation of MMP9 mRNA and AQP9 mRNA in the hippocampus. Results MMP9 immunohistochemical product was mainly expressed in neurons and glial cells. The expression of MMP9 in hippocampus of the operation group was significantly stronger than the control group. The few positive neurons in CA1 and CA3 were scattered in the pyramidal cell layer , and strongly positive cells were mainly located in the granular layer of dentat gyrus(DG) region. Compared to the control group, the MMP9 protein expression and MMP9 mRNA expression levels in the hippocampus of the operate group were significantly increased (P<0.01). AQP9 immunohistochemical product was mainly expressed in neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels; the expression of AQP9 in the hippocampus of the operation group was significantly stronger than the control group. The positive cells were mainly located in new born cells of subgranular zone of DG region and ependymal cells. Compared to the control group, the AQP9 protein expression and AQP9 mRNA expression levels in the hippocampus of the operate group were significantly increased (P<0.01) than control group. Conclusion The expressions of MMP9 and AQP9 are significantly increased in the hippocampus after 15 days of the superior cervical ganglionectomy surgery, indicating that removal of sympathetic ganglions may change cerebral blood supply and further affect the expression of some related factors in the hippocampus.

Key words: Superior cervical ganglion, Hippocampus, Matrix metalloproteinase-9, Aquaporin-9, Western blotting, Rat

ZHAO Qian-nan DING Yan-ping* SHAO Bao-ping ZHANG Jin-ping LIU Jian-feng JIA Ling-yun. The influence of superior cervical ganglionectomy on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and aquaporins-9 in the hippocampus in adult rats[J]. AAS, 2015, 46(2): 158-163.

References

［1］ Wei XM，Dou NN，Zhong J. The study of mechanisms of sympathetic nerve in cerebrovascular disease ［J］. Journal of International Neurology and Neurosurgery，2013，40 (5-6 )：446-449. (in Chinese)
魏兴梅，窦宁宁，仲俊.交感神经在脑血管疾病中作用机制的研究［J］.国际神经病学神经外科学杂志，2013，40 (5-6 )：446-449.
［2］Edvinsson L，Owman C，West KA. Changes in cerebral blood volume of mice at various time-periods after superior cervical sympathectomy ［J］. Acta Physiol Scand，1971，82(4)：521-526.
［3］Fuller G，Lawrence T，Woodford M，et al. The accuracy of alternative triage rules for identification of significant traumatic brain injury：a diagnostic cohort study ［J］. Emerg Med J，2014，31(11)：914-919.
［4］Hwang IK，Yoo KY，Li H. Aquaporin 9 changes in pyramidal cells before and is expressed in astrocytes after delayed neuronal death in the ischemic hippocampal CA1 region of the gerbil ［J］. J Neurosci Res，2007，85（11）：2470-2479.
［5］Shao BP，Yu HSh，Wang JL. Progress on aquaglyceroporin 9 in brain pathologies ［J］. Progress in Veterinary Medicine，2012，33(1)：87-91. (in Chinese)
邵宝平，余华晟，王建林.AQP9在脑疾病中的研究进展［J］.动物医学进展，2012，33(1)：87-91.
［6］Hu J，Li MK，Zhang YQ. The expression of histamine in the cardiac sympathetic fibers from the guinea pig superior cervical ganglion ［J］.Acta Anatomica Sinica，2008，39 (5)：773-775. (in Chinese)
胡静，李明凯，张远强.组胺在豚鼠颈上神经节投射到心脏交感神经纤维中的表达［J］.解剖学报，2008，39 (5)：773-775.
［7］Ding YP. Influence of superior cervical ganglionectomy to neurogenesis in dentate gyrus and learning and memory of adult rat ［D］. Lanzhou University，2008. (in Chinese)
丁艳平.摘除颈上神经节对成年大鼠学习记忆及海马齿状回神经再生的影响［D］. 兰州大学，2008.
［8］Liu DZ，Ander BP，Xu H，et al. Blood–brain barrier breakdown and repair by Src after thrombin-induced injury ［J］. Ann Neurol，2010，67（4）：526-533.
［9］Gu Z，Cui J，Brown S，et al. A highly specific inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-9 rescues laminin from proteolysis and neurons from apoptosis in transient focal cerebral ischemia ［J］. J Neurosci，2005，25 (27):6401-6408.
［10］Xue M，Yong VW. Matrix metalloproteinases in intracerebral hemorrhage ［J］. Neurol Res，2008，30（8）：775-782.
［11］Wang W. Effects of matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase expression on myocardial structural ［D］. Southern Medical University，2010. (in Chinese)
王蔚.基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂对心肌重构的影响［D］.南方医科大学，2010.
［12］Badaut J，Regli L. Distribution and possible roles of aquaporin 9 in the brain ［J］. Neuroscience，2004，129（4）：969-981.
［13］Badaut J，Hirt L，Granziera C，et al. Astrocyte-specific expression of aquaporin-9 in mouse brain is increased after transient focal cerebral ischemia ［J］. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab，2001，21（5）：477-482.
［14］Li YH，Luo YJ，Li LL，et al. The relationship between AQP9 expression and BBB penetrability after cerebral ischemic in rats ［J］. Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases，2008，25（1）：33-35. (in Chinese)
李燕华，罗永坚，李吕力，等.脑缺血后AQP9 表达与血脑屏障通透性的关系［J］.中风与神经疾病杂志，2008，25（1）：33-35.
［15］Liu Z，Shen J, Carbrey J M，et al. Arsenite transport by mammalian aquaglyceroporins AQP7 and AQP9 ［J］. PNAS，2002，99(9): 6053-6058.

[1]	YANG Meng-yi NIU Shi-bo ZHANG Jing DANG Jie MA Zhan-bing LU Hong HUO Zheng-hao. Association between index finger and ring finger length ratios and polymorphism of homeobox A11 gene locus among Ningxia college students [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 62-66.
[2]	HONG Xiao-min LI San-qiang CUI Qin-yi ZHENG Run-yue YANG Meng-li LUO Ren-li LI Qian-hui. Nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway and gender differences in alcoholic liver fibrosis [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 55-61.
[3]	XIE Hui-lan FANG Fang LIN Yi. Mechanism of Chir99021 regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibiting osteogenic differentiation of rat dental pulp stem cells [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 67-72.
[4]	WEI Xi-xi LI Chao-hong ZHAO Chen-lu TANG Jia-ping LIU Yu-zhen. Characterization of group Ⅰ metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat superior cervical ganglion and their changes following chronic intermittent hypoxia [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 3-9.
[5]	YUAN Lei YANG Zhi-wei YANG Hui LIU Zheng-hai HE Jie WAN Wei. Panax notoginseng saponin relieving the inflammatory pain caused by complete Freund’s adjuvant by inhibiting the activation of astrocytes in mice [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 25-31.
[6]	MA Ting-ting CHEN Jian-hong LIU Ai-cui LI Hai-ning. Role of inhibiting lncRNA TUG1 to down-regulate nucleotide binding oligomerization domain like receptor protein 1 inflammasome in delaying the progression of Alzheimer’s disease [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 32-42.
[7]	ZOU Cheng-gong FENG Hao CHEN Bing TANG Hui SHAO Chuan SUN Mou YANG Rong HE Jia-quan . Research on the dynamic changes of neurological dysfunction and cognitive function impairment in traumatic brain injury [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 43-48.
[8]	LÜ Hai-yan SHEN Xi-ya ZHAO Fu-sheng ZHU Mei . Effects of tricholoma matsutake polysaccharides on 1-methy-4-pehnyl-pyridine ion-induced PC12 cell damage [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 49-54.
[9]	ZHENG Li-ping LIU Xia DU Xiao-hua WU Ya-juan LIU Shan-shan . Expression and distribution of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in different cerebrum regions of yak and cattle [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 10-16.
[10]	SU Peng WANG Xing-yi LIANG Jing-yan XIONG Tian-qing. Optimization and identification of a low density and high purity method for primary hippocampal neuron culture from fetal rats [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 113-119.
[11]	HAO Yong-ming GUO Lei ZHOU Cheng-hui PEI Han-jun LI Li ZHAO Zhe . Establishment of a rat model of myocardial hypertrophy by a modified abdominal aortic coarctation method [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 120-124.
[12]	XU Ya-ping YU Yue-xin CHEN Jin-fu WANG Ke-ke GUO Zhikun . Structural distribution and mechanism of elastic fibers and collagen fibers in ventricular interstitium of aged rats [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2023, 54(6): 716-721.
[13]	LIU Li-ping ZHU Meng-ni XU Hui . Effect of interleukin-6 on nucleated erythrocytes in lipopolysaccharide induced preeclampsia rats [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2023, 54(6): 722-729.
[14]	ZHAO Wei-ming LI Xiao YU Guo-ying WANG Gai-ping CHANG Cui-fang . Effect of serine protease inhibitor Kazaltype 1 on the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cell and its mechanism [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2023, 54(6): 695-702.
[15]	WANG Wen-juan DING Yu-tong SU Hao REN Jie SUN Yan-rong WANG Han-fei LU Jia-li ZHANG Lin-qian BAI Yu QIN Li-hua. Changes of Nogo-A expression in hippocampus and striatum of rats under low estrogen condition [J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2023, 54(6): 620-627.