Table of Content

2016, Volume 47 Issue 4
06 August 2016 Previous Issue    Next Issue

---

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Portable video microscopic anatomy of the skull base and the petroclival region through the preaurical subtemporal approach RUAN Cai-lian* YANG Yan-qing XUE Tao XIE Yuan-yuan 2016, 47 (4):  507-509.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.012 Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the anatomical characteristics of the skull base and the petroclival region through the preaurical subtemporal approach. Methods Three fresh and three embalmed adult corpse head were selected and dissected under a portable video microscope. Results Portable video microscope provided a lifelike exposure of the skull base and the petroclival area. The bottom of the temporal lobe epidural detection showed that the rock surface upwarping bow, former inside of chorda tympani, raise the temporal lobe underside, can clearly see the bottom of the cranial fossa, tentorium cerebelli and separation after arachnoid, exposed by the sella turcica structure, can clearly see Labbe vein, the lateral aspect of the brain stem, oculomotor nerve, basal artery and trochlear nerve can be clearly displayed. Conclusion Using portable video microscope via the ear before end of temporal lobe approach can complete microdissection. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Distribution of the genetic polymorphism of arginine-vasopressin gene in Guangxi population XIANG Yang GUO Jing LAN Yan LUO Hong-cheng HUANG Hua-tuo WEI Ye-sheng* 2016, 47 (4):  528-533.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.016 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) gene rs2282018, rs3787482 and rs1887854 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in 303 Chinese Guangxi population, and to compare the distribution differences among different ethnicses. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-single base extension (PCR-SBE) technique and DNA sequencing were taken to detect the allele and genotype frequencies of the AVP gene among 303 Chinese Guangxi population, and they were compared with other four populations (HapMap-CEU, HapMap-YRI, HapMap-JPT, HapMap-HCB) from Human Genome Project group (HapMap) data. Results We found that there were AVP gene polymorphisms in Guangxi populations. Comparing with other four populations, and the frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of AVP gene rs2282018 polymorphism had significant difference between Guangxi and HapMap-YRI populations. The frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of AVP gene rs3787482 polymorphism had significant difference between Guangxi and HapMap-YRI，HapMap-CEU populations. The frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of AVP gene rs1887854 polymorphism had significant difference between Guangxi and HapMap-YRI, HapMap-CEU and HapMap-Han populations. The distribution frequencies of AVP gene were significantly different compared with other ethnic population. Conclusion These differences may account for the different morbidity of AVP-related disease among ethnicses. It may play an important role on the studies of population genetics and anthropology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Relationship of body mass index/waist-hip ratio with androgen receptor CAG and GGN repeat polymorphism ZHANG Chuan LU Hong PEI Li-guo HAO Sheng-ju YAN You-sheng ZHENG Lei DANG Jie HUO Zheng-hao* 2016, 47 (4):  534-538.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.017 Abstract ( )   Objective Body mass index (BMI) and waisthip ratio (WHR) are sexually dimorphic. The main reason for the stability of sexual dimorphism of BMI and WHR is the sex-hormone profile of an individual. Variability in testosterone levels has been related to BMI and WHR. At the molecular level, the effect of androgens is mediated through the activation of androgen receptor (AR). The CAG/GGN repeat polymorphisms of the AR gene are associated with AR activity. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of CAG/GGN repeat polymorphisms in AR on BMI and WHR in Chinese. Methods BMI was calculated as weight/height squared (kg/m2). WHR was calculated as waist/hip. AR CAG/GGN repeat polymorphisms were genotyped by ABI 3730 DNA analyzer. Results BMI and WHR were different between males and females. The longer GGN allele was positively associated with BMI of females (P<0.03). There was no association between WHR and AR CAG or GGN polymorphisms (all,P>0.05).We did not find any relationship between AR CAG polymorphism and BMI(all,P>0.05). Conclusion The relationship between AR CAG/GGN repeat polymorphisms and BMI/WHR are likely to be more complex than previously appreciated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Distribution and changing characteristics of fat in Yugur adults of Gansu YANG Tao HAI Xiang-jun HE Ye* WANG Yu-tang MA Wei-hong HE Jin-quan MA Bin SU Lu 2016, 47 (4):  539-543.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.018 Abstract ( )   Objective To analyze the distribution and changing characteristics of fat in Yugur adults of Gansu. Methods Totally 1086 Yugur adults of Gansu province (366 males and 720 females) were selected by a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. The body composition of fat was measured by the body composition analyzer. Results The total fat mass, subcutaneous fat content, trunk and limbs fat mass in female adults of Yugur in Gansu were higher than those in male (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in visceral fat content between male and female (P>0.05). In different ages, the total fat mass, subcutaneous fat content, trunk and limbs fat mass in female were higher than in male (P<0.01) except visceral fat content (P>0.05). With age, body fat content increased constantly in yugur adults. The rapid periods were 20-29 and early 40-49 age groups, and declined after upper 60-69 age. Comparison of the rise and decline of body fat content was more significant in the female. Conclusion Total fat mass, subcutaneous fat content, trunk and limbs fat mass in female adults of Yugur in Gansu are higher than those in males except visceral fat content. Fat content among body increases with age in Yugur adults, and declines after 60-69 age. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Anthropometric characteristics of Tougud in Ejina LI Yong-lan* LIAN Wei 2016, 47 (4):  544-550.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.019 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the physical characteristics of Tougud in Ejina. Methods According to relevant provisions of Anthropometric methods, we measured physical indexes of 196 adults (84 males,112 females) of Tougud in Dalaihubu of Ejina in September 2015. Results Tougud in Ejina had a high rate of eyefold of the upper eyelid, the rate of Mongoloid fold was less than 50%, most of their opening height of eyeslits, nasal root height and nasal base were middle. Most of their direction of eyeslits were external angle. Nasal profile was straight, zygomatic projection was projecting, thickness of lips was thin, and eye color was brown. The stature of males was tall and the stature of females was super medium. The results of the analytic of principle components showed that compared with 13 ethnic groups in north of China, Tougud males were tall, trunk was broad, face breadth was big, head length and head breadth were all big, nose breadth and nose height were big. Nose height and physiognomic facial of Tougud females were middle, nose breadth was big, mouth breadth was small, thickness of lips was thin. Tougud in Ejina of Inner Mongolia had different physical characteristics with Tougud in Bayinguoleng of Xinjiang. The average of body mass index (BMI) of Tougud meals reached the lower limit of fat, and that of females was close to the upper limit of fat. Conclusion The physical characteristics of Tougud belongs to the North Asian type of Mongoloid, Touguds are fatter than other ethnic groups of North Asian type. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Investigation of bone situation and correlated influencing factors in Mongolian undergraduate students BAI Jing-ya HAI Xiang-jun WANG Yu-tang HE Jin-quan MA Bin HE Ye* 2016, 47 (4):  551-556.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.020 Abstract ( )   Objective To analyze the bone condition and correlated influencing factors in Mongolian undergraduate students by physical examination and questionnaire. Methods The bone strength index was tested by GE EXPRESSⅡultrasonic bone mineral density instrument, life-style evaluation was investigated by questionnaire, and comprehensive analysis of bone T value was evaluated in 919 Mongolian undergraduate students (403 males and 516 females)，aged from 20 to 23 years. Results The prevalence rate of bone strength index and normal values of bone were increased firstly and decreased subsequently with age. The bone strength index was higher in Mongolian male students than Mongolian female students, but the normal values of bone was higher in Mongolian female students than Mongolian male students. There was no osteoporosis patient in Mongolian female students, and no difference was detected between age-groups，and urban and rural groups. Smoking condition and exercise situation were the main influence factors for bone abnormal by logistic regression analysis. The bone strength index in Mongolian male students was higher compared with other nations and areas.However, the bone strength index was lower in Mongolian female students.There was no difference between Mongolian undergraduate students and others in bone condition. Conclusion The sclerotin situation is normal in Mongolian undergraduate students. Increasing exercises and reducing smoking may improve bone condition. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Protective role of AKT-glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling pathway in the N2a cell with SOD1G93Amutation CHEN Yan-chun GUAN Ying-jun* LIU Yong-xin ZHOU Feng-hua LIU Huan-cai WANG Qiao-zhen MA Xiao-jun ZHAO Chun-yan 2016, 47 (4):  433-441.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.001 Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the role and mechanism of AKT-GSK-3β signaling pathway in the N2a cells with SOD1G93A mutation. Methods Mouse neuroblastoma cell line N2a was transfected with pEGFP-WT-SOD1 and pEGFP-G93A-SOD1 plasmids. The expressions changes of AKT, GSK-3β and cyclin D1 were detected in the cell model using RT-PCR and Western blotting technique. The expressions of GSK-3β and cyclin D1 were detected in the N2a cells with SOD1G93A mutation regulated by knockdown of AKT, and the changes of cell proliferation and survival were determined by MTS assay. Results No significant changes were observed in AKT and GSK-3β total protein in the N2a cells transfected with pEGFP-G93A-SOD1, compared with those transfected with pEGFP-WT-SOD1. However, the phospho-AKT(Ser473), phospho-GSK-3β(Ser 9) and cyclinD1 protein in the N2a cells transfected with pEGFP-G93A-SOD1 were up-regulated significantly compared with N2a cells transfected with pEGFP-WT-SOD1 at 24 hours and 48 hours after transfection. The immunouorescence staining showed that the expressions of p-AKT(Ser473)、p-GSK-3β(Ser 9) and cyclin D1 were increased in the N2a cells transfected with pEGFP-G93A-SOD1 at 24 hours and 48 hours. AKT, p-AKT(Ser473), GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β (Ser9) and cyclin D1 protein were all downregulated significantly at 48 hours and 72 hours after knockdown of AKT compared with the negative control. MTS assay showed that N2a cell proliferation and viability were significantly decreased at 72 hours, 96 hours and 120 hours after transfection. Conclusion The mutation of SOD1 affects the phosphorylated modification of AKT and GSK-3β after translation and the expression of cyclin D1 in the N2a cells. AKT may affect the proliferation and survival of N2a cells with SOD1G93A mutation by regulating the expression of GSK-3β and cyclin D1. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of traditional Chinese medicine nerve growth decoction on the model of Parkinson’s disease JIANG Wen-xia ZHANG Xin-hua Lü Guang-ming GU Xiao-song* 2016, 47 (4):  442-448.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.002 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the therapeutic effect of the traditional Chinese medicine nerve growth decoction on the paraquat(PQ)-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods Forty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into negative control group, PQ model group, madopar group, and the traditional Chinese medicine group (n=10 in each group). PD model was generated through an intraperitoneal injection of PQ, and followed with treatment via intragastric administration traditional Chinese medicine or madopar, physiological saline as control.The animal behavior was detected through the rotarod test, open field test and drum test, and body weight was recorded before and after treatment. The numbers of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra were counted for statistical analysis after tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining to observe the changes of dopaminergic neurons. Results 1. Compared with negative control group, body weight of animals in other three groups showed a significant reduction. However, body weight increased gradually with time lapse, and finally, there was no significant difference between groups. 2. Behavioral test indicated that the PD animals showed a decreased time in rotarod, and drum test, and the moving distance significantly reduced and static time significantly prolonged in the open field test when compared with negative control group (P<0.001). One week after intragastric administration of the traditional Chinese medicine and madopar the behavior improved significantly in rotarod test, open field test and drum experiment (P<0.001 orP<0.01). Two weeks after intragastric administration the animals in the two treatment groups showed a significant improvement in rotarod test and open field test compared with the model group (P<0.001). 3. TH immunohistochemistry showed that the number of TH positive neurons in the traditional Chinese medicine group was less than the negative control group after 1 week intragastric administration, but more than the PD model group and madopar group either 1 week or 2 weeks after intragastric administration. 4.TH immunofluorescence indicated that the TH positive cell number in the traditional Chinese medicine group was more than the PD model group and madopar group. Their morphology was more complete, and their processes were more and longer than PD model and madopar groups, but had no difference with the negative control group. Conclusion The traditional Chinese medicine nerve growth decoction has therapeutic effects on PD rats induced by PQ. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of early-life stress on the development of the striatal neurons of mouse XU Ben-ke MIAO Ying-ying SUN An-bang HE Yun LIU Yang CHEN Yun-cai* 2016, 47 (4):  449-455.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.003 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the impact of early-life stress on the development of spiny neurons in the dorsal striatum. Methods The early-life stress animal model was created by changing the growth environment of new born mouse pups from postnatal day（P）2 to P 9 (P2-P9). The in situ hybridization, Golgi staining, and stereological analysis were employed to investigate the effect of stress on the soma, dendritic branches, and spines of striatal neurons. Results The striatal neurons in P9 C57BL/6J contained numerous dendritic branches and spines. Stress from P2 to P9 particularly affected the striatal neurons in the dorsolateral region, leading to abundant proximal dendritic branches (9.50±0.38 vs 6.50±0.23, n=6.8,P<0.05), and increased number of filopodia (8.15±0.51 vs 3.85±0.33 per 20 μm dendritic segment, n=6.8,P<0.05), but reduced dendritic spines (12.05±0.91 vs 20.02±0.73 per 20 μm dendritic segment, n=6.8,P<0.05). Conclusion Early-life stress interrupted the dendritic differentiation and postponed the maturation of spines of striatal neurons in the dorsolateral striatum. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Diacylglycerol kinase γ is involved in the neuroepithelium development of rat embryonic brain NIU Bao-bei CUI Hui-lin* CAO Xi-mei SHI Liang MA Jin-feng QIAO Cong-jin 2016, 47 (4):  456-461.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.004 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of diacylglyceral kinase γ (DGKγ) in the neuroepithelium development of the rat embryonic brain. Methods Western blotting was performed to examine the expression of DGKγ in 18 rat embryonic brains at embryonic day(E)11.5, E12.5, E14.5, E16.5 and E18.5. Five rat embryos each day from E9.5 to E18.5 were stained by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to detect the distribution of DGKγ in rat embryonic brains and the colocalization of DGKγ with Ki67/choline acetyltramsferase(ChAT)/tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) in neuroepithelial cells. Results The expression of DGKγ protein increased gradually from E11.5 to E14.5, decreased significantly at E16.5 than that at E14.5, and the expression of DGKγ at E18.5 increased obviously to the level and higher than that at E14.5. At E10.5-E12.5, DGKγ was expressed from one brain vesicle to telencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon and myelencephalon except the tegmentum. At E13.5-E14.5, DGKγ was strongly expressed in hippocampus and its adjacent neocortex, pallidum, rhinencephalon and tegmentum, and then extending to all regions of brain except the neocortex. From E15.5 to before birth, the expression of DGKγ increased in neocortex and weakened in tegmentum and pons. Immunofluorescence staining showed that in DGKγ positive cells of rhinencephalon, Ki67 positive rate was higher (87%) and ChAT positive rate was lower (9%) than that of hippocampus and pallidum (all P<0.05). In tectum of E14.5 rat, 62% DGKγ positive cells showed TH positive reaction. In DGKγ positive cells of neocortex, Ki67 positive rate significantly decreased from 49% (E14.5) to 26% (E16.5), while ChAT positive rate was significantly increased from 45% (E14.5) to 70% (E16.5) (all P<0.05). The expression of DGKγ was observed in cytoplasm of neuroepithelial cells, or in membrane, or in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Conclusion The expression pattern of DGKγ in the rat embryonic brain and the subcellular distribution of DGKγ suggest that DGKγ is involved in the proliferation, migration and development of neurons. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of eucalyptus oil with retinoic acid on the expression of Pax3 and connexin 43 in the fetal rat brain tissue SU Li-li YU Yong-li*CHEN Mo ZHANG Bin-yu CHEN Tao LIU Mao-sheng ZHANG Yu 2016, 47 (4):  462-468.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.005 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the effect of eucalyptus oil with retinoic acid on the expression of paired box3(Pax3)and connexin (Cx43) in the fetal rat brain tissue. Methods Forty-two pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (7 rats per group), normal group，retinoic acid group (RA), solvent group (peanut oil +RA) and 3 experimental groups (according to eucalyptus oil of high, medium, low dose +RA), normal group with free diet. RA group lavaged with retinoic acid (40 mg/kg) at gestation 10th day. Three experiment groups and solvent group were lavaged from the 7th to 14th day with eucalyptus oil in 300 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg and peanut oil 2ml per animal per day, respectively. Each of them was lavaged with retinoic acid (40mg/kg) at gestation 10th day. All pregnant rats were sacrificed at the 21st day and the live-fetus was collected. Expression of Pax3, Cx43 protein and it's mRNA in fetal rat brain tissue were detected by Western blotting,immunohistochemistry and Real-time PCR. The vertebrae development and paravertebral space of fetus were observed under a stereoscope by staining with alician blue and alizarin red S. Results The number of fetal rats with abnormal vertebrae in lavaged retinoic acid groups were not significantly different from those in normal group, but the lowest percentage of vertebrae form abnormal (55%, eucalyptus 300 mg/kg +RA 40mg/kg) and vertebrae the division(45.8% eucalyptus 100 mg/kg +RA40mg/kg ) were higher than those in normal group(0,0) (P<0.05). In lavaged retinoic acid groups, the highest percentage of vertebrae form abnormal(62.5%, eucalyptus 100 mg/kg +RA 40mg/kg) or vertebrae the division(55.5% eucalyptus 300 mg/kg +RA40mg/kg ) of fetal rats in eucalyptus oil groups were lower than those in retinoic acid group(73.7%,73.7%) and solvent control group(68.2%,63.6%), (P<0.05). Compared with normal group, the expression of brain tissue Pax3、Cx43 protein and mRNA in graged retinoic acid groups were significantly higher than those in normal group (P<0.05). In lavaged retinoic acid groups, the expression of fetal brain tissue Pax3, Cx43 protein and mRNA in intragastric eucalyptus oil groups were significantly lower than those in pure graged retinoic acid group (P<0.05). Conclusion Eucalyptus oil can antagonize the neural tube defects caused by RA. Its mechanism may be related to eucalyptus oil antagonize Pax3 and Cx43 protein overexpression which caused by RA. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of amyloid beta-peptide25-35 neurotoxicity on cytoskeletons of  PC12 cells CAO Jing-jing FAN Wen-juan SHI Zhen-yu YAN Ming-chao LIU Hong-liang WANG Lai DENG Jin-bo* 2016, 47 (4):  469-475.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.06 Abstract ( )   Objective To establish the cell model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and investigate the amyloid beta-peptides 25-35(Aβ 25-35) neurotoxicity to cytoskeleton. Methods PC12 cells were cultured and treated with Aβ 25-35, and cell survival was analyzed by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was visualized with DAPI staining and TUNEL method. Immunocytochemistry and phalloidin staining were used to label cytoskeletons in PC12 cells. Results Aβ 25-35 obviously induced the PC12 cells death and lead to PC12 cells apoptosis with dose dependency (P<0.05). Aβ 25-35 gave rise to the disintegration of cytoskeletons with dose dependency (P<0.05). Conclusion PC12 cell cytoskeletons are sensitive to Aβ 25-35 neurotoxicity. The disintegration of cytoskeleton probably is the important pathological alteration in AD, and Aβ is a key molecule for AD pathogenesis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Inducing expression of β-neural growth factor and effect on PC12 cells GAO Jie YAN Hui-wen LI Hong HUANG Yue HU Rong SU Min* 2016, 47 (4):  476-481.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.007 Abstract ( )   Objective To construct recombinant lentiviral vector carrying rat β-neural growth factor (β-NGF) gene by inducing expression of the Tet-on 3G tetracycline，and to observe its expression in HEK293FT cells and effects on PC12 cells. Methods Total RNA was extracted from rat brain as the template. By gene recombination technique，rat β-NGF gene was inserted into lentiviral vector as pLVX-TRE3G-IRES-β-NGF. The supernatant of virus including the recombinant vector of pLVX-TRE3G-IRES-β-NGF and pLVX-Tet3G was collected from packaging cells, respectively, and then cotransfected blank HEK293FT cells. The expression of β-NGF was induced with different doses of doxycycline (Dox) (divided into non-transfection group, 0, 100, 500 and 1000μg/L of Dox inducing group). Cells were collected and analyzed by Western blotting assay, 48 hours after. The supernatant was detected by ELISA assay for the secretion and used as conditional medium for PC12 cells. Results A band of β-NGF gene was about 726bp. After transfection, β-NGF protein was detected to express on 293FT cells and supernatant following the increase of Dox dose. The neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was expressed on PC12 cells after induced by conditional media. Conclusion That theβ-NGF gene was be expressed successfully on HEK 293FT cells by Tet-on 3G induced expression system, and the protein has effected on inducing PC12 cells differentiation into neuron-like cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of allicin on oxidative stress in PC12 cells following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion injury WANG Jian-zhong* SHI Jie DENG Tong-xing 2016, 47 (4):  482-486.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.008 Abstract ( )   Objective To determine the anti-oxidative stress effects of allicin in PC12 cell following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/RP) injury and its related mechanisms. Methods The PC12 cells were pretreated with allicin 24 hours before exposed to sugar-free Earle’s solution and hypoxia then reperfusion injury was used as an in vitro model of OGD/RP. The OGD/RP PC12 cell survival rate was detected by MTT and apoptosis rate was determined by Hoechst 33342 staining. The PC12 cell lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage rate was detected by chemical colorimetry. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde(MDA) and glutathione pexoxidase(GSH-Px) content or activity in OGD/RP PC12 cell was measured by biochemical methods. The expression levels of SOD, TNF-α and catalase(CAT) protein and mRNA were detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR respectively. Results Compared with the control group, OGD/RP group could reduce the cell survival rate, SOD and GSH-Px activity, the LDH leakage rate increased, MDA content and apoptosis rate. Compared with OGD/RP model group, allicin (60, 30 mg/L) could increase OGD/RP PC12 cell survival rate, SOD and GSH-Px activity, decreased apoptosis rate, LDH leakage rate and MDA content; allicin (60 mg/L) could increase OGD/RP PC12 cell SOD, CAT mRNA and protein express levels, reduced TNF-α mRNA and protein express levels. Conclusion The Allicin have protective effects on OGD/RP injury in PC12 cell via anti-oxidative stress. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Anatomical and histological comparisons on heart and lung between α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-deficient cloned and noncloned Bama miniature pig HAN Xiao-na ZENG Guo-min YANG Yang PAN Deng-ke* DU Xiao-hua* 2016, 47 (4):  510-515.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.013 Abstract ( )   Objective To study anatomical and histological differences on hearts and lungs between α1,3-galactosyltransferase(GGTA1)gene-deficient cloned pigs and noncloned Bama miniature pig(as donor cell for somatic cell nuclear transfer). Methods Anatomical and histological structures on hearts and lungs of two α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-deficient cloned pigs (BM164，BM155) and one healthy noncloned Bama miniature pig(BMM2) were observed by using gross anatomy and HE staining. Results The heart of noncloned Bama pig was inverted conical, anterior border convexity and posterior border short and straight, obvious coronary sulcus, sulcus longitudinalis sinister and sulcus longitudinalis dexter. The cardiac wall was divided into three layers. The endocardium was thin and there were some Purkinje fibers in the ventricle. The cardiac muscle fibers arranged densely, clear cross striation and fewer intercalated disk in the cardiac muscle. The epicardium was thick, and had obvious unmyelinated nerve fibers. Compared with noncloned Bama pig, the hearts of GGTA1 gene-deficient cloned pigs showed no significant anatomical and histological differences. The lung of noncloned Bama miniature pig was pink spongy, soft and light. Histological observation showed that there were some cartilages around small bronchi, some tracheal glands and inflammatory cells in submucosa, few dust cells and thicker alveolar wall. Bronchial mucosal folds were fingerlike projections into the lumen, which was infiltrated by some inflammatory cells. The structures of anatomical and histological structures in lungs between α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-deficient cloned pigs and noncloned Bama pig were basically same. Conclusion The hearts and lungs of GGTA1 gene-deficient cloned pigs and noncloned Bama miniature pig showed no significant anatomical and histological differences. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of ephedrine on histological structure, activities of total antioxidant capacity and catalase in the myocardial tissue of mice LIU Ting-ting PENG Jing LI Chong-yang YU Shi-yuan* 2016, 47 (4):  516-520.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.014 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the poisonous effects of ephedrine on the myocardial tissue. Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into control group and ephedrine group，thirty mice in each group.The mice in ephedrine group were injected with ephedrine at the doses 0.0315 g/kg，0.0477 g/kg，0.0564 g/kg (×0.2ml)，respectively，twice per day for 15 days，and the mice in control group were injected with equal amount of saline.Changes of body weight and heart weight were weighed, the activities of creatine kinase (CK)、creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in plasma and the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT) as well as the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in myocardial tissue were detected by colorimetry，the changes of the myocardial tissue were observed by optical microscopy. Results Both the body weight and heart weight in ephedrine group were lower than that in the control group.Myocardial tissue of mice appeared different degree of damage after injected ephedrine，myocardial cell arrangement confusion，intercalated disc gap widened，and myocardial fiber breakage were observed.The activities of plasma CK and CK-MB in ephedrine group were significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.01).The activities of T-AOC and CAT in ephedrine group were significantly lower compared to the control group (P＜0.05 orP＜0.01). MDA contents in ephedrine group were significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.01). Conclusion Ephedrine affects the shape and structure of myocardial tissue in mice，which may be correlated with activity decreased of T-AOC and CAT and content increased of MDA. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of ephedrine on histological structure and its mechanism in the mouse lung PENG Jing LI Chong-yang LIU Ting-ting YU Shi-yuan* 2016, 47 (4):  521-528.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.015 Abstract ( )   Objective To explore effects of ephedrine in the mouse lung. Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into control group and ephedrine group.The mice in ephedrine group were injected with ephedrine at the doses 0.0315 g/kg，0.0477 g/kg，0.0564 g/kg (×0.2ml)，respectively，twice per day for 15 days，and the mice in control group were injected with equal amount of saline.Changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD），catalase（CAT）and the content of maleicdialdehyde（MDA）in mice lung and the activity of plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) were analyzed by colorimetry.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the changes of histological structures in the mouse lung.The expressions of c-Fos protein and Caspase-3 protein were examined by immunohistochemical method. Results The activities of SOD，CAT were higher temporarily in the ephedrine group than those in the control group at the fifth treatment day，but they were significantly lower in the ephedrine group than those in the control group at the 10th and 15th treatment days.MDA content was reduced temporarily at the 5th treatment day，while were significantly increased at the 10th and 15th treatment days.The activity of plasma MPO increased.Histopathologic damage in the lung of ephedrine group was obvious.The alveolar diameter and thickness of the alveolar septum increased and radical alveolar counts（RAC）reduced significantly.The intensities of immunohistochemical positive staining for c-Fos，Caspase-3 proteins were increased significantly in the lung. Conclusion Ephedrine significantly affects the antioxidant enzyme activity，increases the inflammatory reaction of body，induces cell apoptosis，and damages histological structures and function in the mouse lung. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

3D printing of inner ear model based on 3ds Max technology SHI Bing-tao* LIU Jin 2016, 47 (4):  572-574.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.023 Abstract ( )   Objective To use 3ds Max software to produce inner ear model, and then using the fused deposition model 3D printer to print the inner ear model. Methods In the first, the inner ear model was constructed by using 3ds Max software to build the inner ear model by Repetier-Host software, and then the 3D software was used to print the model. Results Using 3ds Max software to produce the inner ear model can be used to print the inner ear anatomy model by fusing the 3D printer.  Conclusion The human anatomy model can be successfully printed out by combining the 3dsMax technology with the fused deposition type 3D printer for human anatomy model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of annexin A5 low expression on migration and invasion of HeLa cells WANG Xiao-jie YANG Yan-jie2TIAN Huan-na LIAGN Xiu-jun CHEN Long LI Xin* 2016, 47 (4):  487-492.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.009 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the effects of annexin A5 (ANXA5) low expression on HeLa cell migration and invasion. Methods HeLa cells were divided into four groups, which were interference group, negative control group, and transfection reagent control group, and blank control group. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to identify the inhibition efficiency at 72 hours after transfection. Cell scratch method and Transwell experiment were used to detect the ability of migration and invasion of HeLa cells in each group. E-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. Results HeLa cell ANXA5 expression on both mRNA and protein level was suppressed significantly(P<0.05). Compared with the negative control group, the abilities of migration and invasion of HeLa cells in the interference group were increased remarkably (P<0.05). The E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression of HeLa cells in interference group decreased while MMP-9 increased when compared with negative control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The siRNA which targets ANXA5 can highly suppress ANXA5 expression. ANXA5 knockdown promotes migration and invasion of HeLa cells via upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of MMP-9. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Astragalus polysaccharide combined with cis-dichlorodiamineplatinumⅡ dichloridle on Lewis lung transplanted tumor metastasis and its mechanism MING Hai-xia CHEN Yan-wen ZHANG Fan WANG Qiang LI Yang GUO Chao HU Yong-hao* 2016, 47 (4):  493-501.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.010 Abstract ( )   Objective To observe the influence of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) combined with cis-dichlorodiaimineplatinumⅡ dichloridle (DDP) on pulmonary metastasis，the expression of nuclear factor(NF)-κB, P38, P53 and Caspase-9in Lewis lung cancer tissue of mice. Methods Ninety mice with Lewis lung cancer were randomly divided into model group, DDP group(6mg/kg DDP), APS group（50, 100, 200）mg/kg, combination group［1/2 DDP+APS, means: (3+25, 3+50, 3+100)mg/kg］. All groups were treated on day after the day of model establishment, DDP 1/week, for 20 weeks. The number of the metastasis was observed. The expression of NF-κB, P38, P65 mRNA and protein were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively.Caspase-9 was tested by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with control subgroups, tumor bearing subgroups, DDP, APS and DDP combined with APS, significantly reduced the number of pulmonary metastasis（P<0.05 orP<0.01）. Besides P38, the medium and high dose group of the APS reduced the expression of NF-κB and P53 in Lewis lung cancer tissues of mice. However, the expression of Caspase- 9 was upregulated. Effect of combination in high dose group was close to DDP group. Conclusion APS and APS combined with DDP can inhibit the number of pulmonary metastasis，and the activation of signal transduction pathway of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), which may be one of the mechanisms of anti-cancer and anti-metastasis. The APS and APS combined with 1/2 DDP increase the effect of anti-cancer and anti-metastasis, indicating that APS has efficacy enhancing and toxicity reducing of DDP. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Impacts of RNAi silencing on the CD105 and Ki67 gene expression in ovarian cancer OVCAR3 cell lines GUO Hai-rong WANG Xiao-yan HE Shuai LIU Ping* 2016, 47 (4):  502-506.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.011 Abstract ( )   Objective To detect changes of the CD105 and Ki67 gene expression and to determine the effect of gene silence on OVCARs cells transfected these gene sequences by liposome lipofectamine TM2000 respectively. Methods OVCAR3 were transfected with siRNA of CD105-siRNA group, Ki67-siRNA group and negative control groups in vitro respectively. The expressions of CD105mRNA, Ki67mRNA and their proteins were detected with Real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results The intensities of relative expressions for both CD105 mRNA and Ki 67mRNA were significantly lower in both siRNA-CD105 transfected and siRNA-Ki67-transfected OVCARs than those in control groups(P<0.001). Conclusion CD105-siRNA and Ki67-siRNA can specifically inhibit CD105, Ki67 gene expression levels in ovarian cancer OVCAR3 cells and lowered their mRNA and protein expression. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Preparation for acellular human amniotic membrane matrix and assessment the immunogenic property LU Xin YUAN Jie GUO Xin-yue LI Wei-hong SHANG Hong-wei ZHANG Li-xin HUANG Xiao-wu ZHANG Hai-yan* 2016, 47 (4):  557-562.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.021 Abstract ( )   Objective To prepare of the acellular human amniotic membrane matrix (AHAM) and to assess the immunogenic property of AHAM as a scaffold for cell transplantation. Methods To prepare the AHAM, the HAM was peeled from the placenta, cut into pieces and incubated in trypsin with EDTA for decellularization. For generating cryopreserved AHAM, the fresh AHAM pieces were placed in dishes with a 1∶1 mixture of glycerol and chondroitin sulfate in MEM-NEAA and stored at -80℃. Before using, the cryopreserved AHAMs were rehydrated with sterile PBS. The expression of human leucocyte antigen in HAM and AHAM was determined by immunofluorescence. The ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in mouse spleen after AHAM transplantation for four weeks was assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Results Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that the fresh and cryopreserved AHAM were negative for human leucocyte antigen antibody. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis confirmed that the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in mouse spleen after AHAM transplantation was not changed. Conclusion The immunogenic property of AHAM is relatively low and does not cause the T cells mediated immunological rejection after transplantation in the mouse model. These results support the potential of AHAM as a cell delivery platform to treat and manage disease.  References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression changes of GZMA, GZMB, TSP-1, TLR and IL-1 five cell apoptosis pathways related genes in liver regeneration XING Xue-kun LIU Zhen-hua LI Meng-hua XU Cun-shuan* 2016, 47 (4):  563-571.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2016.04.022 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the expression changes of five cell apoptosis pathway genes, granzyme A (GZMA), granzyme B (GZMB), thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), Toll-like receptors (TLR) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), in the process of regeneration liver (LR). Methods Rats were randomly divided into 33 groups with 6 rats in each group. Genome Rat 230 2.0 was used to detect the expression of genes in four cell apoptosis pathways in rats after partial hepatectomy (PH). Real-time PCR and Western blotting technology were used to verify the results of the chip, and the expression changes of apoptosis pathway genes in liver regeneration were analyzed by bioinformatics methods. Results Both Real-time PCR and Western blotting were in agreement with the test results of Genome Rat 230 2.0 chip; 9, 8, 24, 31 and 34 genes were associated with liver regeneration in the four cell apoptosis pathways.They were mainly expressed at the start stage of liver regeneration. The maximum number of expressed genes were in cell proliferation phase. The similarity of their expression was totally up regulation, up regulation advantage, totally down regulation, down regulation advantage, up regulation equal to down regulation of 5 categories. The expression of most genes in liver regeneration was enhanced, and the expression of few gene was decreased. Time correlation was divided into 13 groups. Analysis of the role of apoptosis pathway related genes in liver regeneration by using the gene synergy model (Et), GZMA pathway promoted apoptosis in the late stage of liver regeneration; TLR pathway promotes cell apoptosis almost in the whole liver regeneration; GZMB, TSP-1 and IL-1 pathways did not play the role of apoptosis in liver regeneration. Conclusion Two apoptosis pathways, GZMA and TSP-1, regulate apoptosis in liver regeneration. References | Related Articles | Metrics