解剖学报

解剖学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 715-718.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1356.2014.05.023

• 人类学 • 上一篇    下一篇

湖南白族少年儿童体型特征

黄大元1* 张惠娟2 吴国运1 梁成青1 朱耀峰1   

  1. 1. 吉首大学医学院人体解剖学与组织学胚胎学教研室;  2. 基础护理学教研室，湖南 吉首 416000
  • 收稿日期:2014-02-18 修回日期:2014-03-31 出版日期:2014-10-06 发布日期:2013-10-06
  • 通讯作者: 黄大元 E-mail:hdy18kju@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    湖南省科技厅科技计划项目

Somatotype characteristics of Bai ethnicity children and adolescents in Hu’nan

HUANG Da-yuan1 *ZHANG Hui-juan2 WU Guo-yun1 LIANG Cheng-qing1 ZHU Yao-feng1   

  1. 1. Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; 2. Department of Fundamental Nursing, Medical College of Jishou University, Hu’nan Jishou 416000,China
  • Received:2014-02-18 Revised:2014-03-31 Online:2014-10-06 Published:2013-10-06
  • Contact: HUANG Da-yuan E-mail:hdy18kju@163.com

摘要：

目的 探讨湖南白族少年儿童体型发育特征及其规律。 方法 采用Heath-Carter 体型法对1525例（男性748例，女性777例）湖南白族少年儿童的体型进行评价。结果 男性中因子值大于女性，内因子值小于女性；男性体型以中胚层、外胚层为主，女性体型以中间型、外胚层为主；随着年龄增长，男性由均衡的中胚层体型、偏外胚层的中胚层体型、中胚层-外胚层均衡体型、偏中胚层的外胚层体型发展为中胚层-外胚层均衡体型。女性由中间型、均衡的外胚层体型、中间型、内胚层-中胚层均衡体型发展为偏中胚层的内胚层体型。 结论 白族少年儿童男女性的体型发育存在着差异，男性身体线性程度相对较高，肌肉发达；女性脂肪含量较多、线性度较差。与蒙古族等群体比较，白族学生脂肪含量较少，身材矮小，肌肉不发达。

关键词: 体型, 湖南, 白族, Heath-Carter体型法, 少年, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective To study the characteristics and regularities of somatotype of Bai ethnicitty children and adolescents in Hu’nan. Methods The somatotype growth of 1525 Bai children and adolescents (male: 748, female: 777) was evaluated by the Heath-Carter anthropometric method. Results The mesomorphy of male was bigger than that of female, and endomorphy of female was bigger than that of male. The primary somatotype in male was mesomorph and ectomorph, and it was central and ectomorph in female. The somatotypes developed from balanced mesomorph, ectomorphic mesomorph, mesomorph-ectomorph, mesomorphic ectomorph to mesomorph-ectomorph in male; however, in female from central, balanced ectomorph, central, endomorph-mesomorph to mesomorphic endomorph. Conclusion The somatotypes are very different between males and females of Bai ethnicity children and adolescents. The somatotype of males is slender with less fat and more muscular, however, they are plumper with more body fat and shorter stature in females. Bai ethnicity children and adolescents have less muscular, less fat and shorter stature than Mongolian and other populations.

Key words: Somatotype, Hu’nan, Bai ethnicity, Heath-Carter anthropometric method, Adolescent, Children