Table of Content

2015, Volume 46 Issue 6
06 December 2015 Previous Issue    Next Issue

---

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Research on activating transcription factor 6 pathway and its related factors’ regulation on unfolded protein reaction in endoplasmic reticulum stress XIANG Chun-chen HAN Fang* SHI Yu-xiu* 2015, 46 (6):  857-861.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.023 Abstract ( )   Endoplasmic reticulum stress plays a key role in many diseases’ pathogenesis. Continuous or intense endoplasmic reticulum stress response can induce cell apoptosis. As an endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane protein, activating transcription factor 6(ATF6) can transfer signals to induce unfolded protein response. This review summarizes the ATF6 pathway and its mechanism of regulating apoptosis and pays attention to the related activators and inhibitors, in order to provide background research data for the neurodegenerative disease. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of senesence of bone marrow stromal cells on hematopoietic cells oxidative stress SONG Xiao-ying JING Peng-wei XIONG Li-rong JIA Dao-yong WANG Ya-ping WANG Lu* 2015, 46 (6):  757-763.  doi: 衰老| 骨髓基质细胞| 造血细胞| 氧化应激| 流式细胞术| 小鼠 Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the impact of oxidative stress between aging bone marrow stromal cells and hematopoietic cells and to provide the theoretic and experimental evidences for explaining the effect of senescence hematopoietic inductive microenvironment (HIM) on proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells and its possible machanism. Methods Bone marrow stromal cells were isolated by whole bone marrow adherent culture from healthy male C57 mice about 6-8 weeks. The cells were divided into two groups: the control group and the aging group was cultured with additional 30g/L D-galactose (D-Gal) for 48 hours. The ratio of the SA-β-Gal staining positive bone marrow stromal cells was counted; the cell cycle distribution of bone marrow stromal cells was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNCs) extracted from femur bone marrow were co-cultured with bone marrow stromal cells. The number of BMNCs was counted by trypan blue staining; the cell cycle distribution of BMNCs was analyzed by flow cytometry. The myeloid hematopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-Mix) were cultured by semi-solid cultivation assay and the number of forming colonies was counted. Flow cytometric DCFH-DA fluorescent staining analyzed the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in bone marrow stromal cells and BMNCs; bone marrow stromal cells protein expression of connexin-43 (Cx43) was detected by immunofluoescence assay. Results The positive ratio of SA-β-Gal was significantly increased in the aging bone marrow stromal cells . The bone marrow stromal cells were hold in G1 phase arrest. After co-cultured BMNCs with bone marrow stromal cells for 48hous, the number of live BMNCs went decreased; the cell cycle of BMNCs was arrested; the number of CFU-Mix forming colonies was significantly decreased compared with the control group. The ROS level of bone marrow stromal cells was significantly increased in the aging group. The expression of proteins Cx43 was obviously down-regulated in the aging bone marrow stromal cells . The ROS level in BMNCs co-cultured with senescent bone marrow stromal cells was dramatically increased compared with those BMNCs co-cultured with control bone marrow stromal cells . Conclusion Senescent bone marrow stromal cells inhibited proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. The underlying mechanism may be related to the increased oxidative stress in senescent BMSCs and the decreased ability of relieving the oxidative stress in hematopoietic cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical significance of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activing and interleukin-17 in patients with breast cancer WANG Ju ZHANG Nan MA Zhi-ping LI Yi-xing ZHANG Wen-jie* ZHOU Zong-yao* 2015, 46 (6):  791-796.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.011 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate involvement of constitutively activated phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(p-STAT3) and the expression of its downstream inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-17 in the pathogenesis and progression in patients with breast cancer(BC). Methods Using specific antibodies, the levels of IL-17 and p-STAT3 were tested in 379 cases of breast cancer tissues (test group) and 245 cases of matching non-cancerous adjacent breast adinosis tissues (control group) using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The correlations of expressed IL-17 and active p-STAT3 were analyzed against breast cancer patients’ histological type, TNM and clinical stage, and progression, respectively. Quantitative data were analyzed using t test and qualitative data were analyzed using χ2 test. Results 1. IL-17 showed a positive expression rate of 95.8% in brest cancer tissues, higher than that of 85.3% in adenosis of breast tissues (χ2=21.36, P＜0.001); p-STAT3 exhibited a positive expression rate of 93.6% in BC tissues, much higher than that of 62.0% in adenosis of breast tissues (χ2=97.7，P<0.001). 2. The expressed IL-17 and active p-STAT3 were not correlated with histologic types of breast cancer (including invasive ductual carcinoma, invasive lobulao carcinoma, ductual carcinoma in situof breast) (χ2=1.245, P=0.535). 3. However, IL-17 and p-STAT3 were respectively correlated with lymph node metastasis in patients with BC (χ2=7.806, P<0.01; χ2=4.053, P<0.05, respectively). 4. In breast cancer tissues, the expression of IL-17 was positively correlated with activated p-STAT ( rs=0.136, P<0.01). Conclusion The constitutively over-active p-STAT3 and over-expressed IL-17 may collaborate to orchestrate an inflammatory microenvironment which, in turn, facilitates the pathogenesis and progression of breast cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress of blood cells reprogramming to induced pluripotent stem cells ZHANG Yue WU Bin GONG Tian-tian LEI Lei SHAN Zhi-yan* 2015, 46 (6):  852-856.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.022 Abstract ( )   Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology can revert differentiated cells to pluripotent cells and avoid the limitation such as ethics, immunerejection. It has broad applications in the field of regenerative medicine. Although induced pluripotent stem cells have already set up for all sorts of donor cells, the application in clinical facilities and induction of donor origin still has various limitations. In this review, we discuss the characteristics, advantages and applications of utilizing blood cells as donor cells for reprogramming, providing a theoretical basis for the ultimate applications of induced pluripotent stem cells in clinical studies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of chemokine-8 factor on the migration ability of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell in high glucose environment ZHANG Peng ZHANG Xiao-dong JIANG Yang SUN Shi-zhu ZHANG Shan-qiang SHEN Lei* 2015, 46 (6):  764-771.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.007 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the effect of chemokines (CXCL)-8 factor on the chemotaxis ability of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs). Methods The animals under the high glucose environment were divided into CXCL-8 experimental group, Akt inhibitor group and control group of high glucose. The normal control group was the cultural hADMSCs under the normal condition. Cell scratch, Transwells cell chamber experiment were used to check the effect of chemotaxis ability of CXCL-8 on the ADMSCs Western blotting, and ELISA experiment to check the protein expression of Akt, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results Compared with the control group, the closing rate of hADMSCs cell scratch area in CXCL-8 experimental group and migration rate of Transwell cell chamber were increased (P＜0.01). The closing rate of cell scratch area in Akt inhibitor group and migration rate were decreased (P＜0.01). The protein expressions of phosphorylated Akt, mTOP and STAT3 were increased. The VEGF, epidermal growth factor (EGF) of liquid supernatant in CXCL-8 experimental group were increased significantly (P＜0.01); but the secretion ability of Akt inhibitor group was decreased (P＜0.01). Conclusion Under the high glucose environment, the CXCL-8 promoted MSCs paracrine VEGF factors through Akt-STAT3 pathway and promoted migration of MSCs, which may have the important meaning for recruit host cell homing and promote damage repair. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Functions of Wnt-10a during K562 cell differentiation induced by hemin WANG Jie HU Jiang-jiang ZHAO Fu-kun ZHANG Shi-fu* 2015, 46 (6):  772-779.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.008 Abstract ( )   Objective To study expression changes and functions of Wnt-10a protein in K562 differentiation induced by hemin. Methods Benzidine staining was used to test hemininduced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were used to detect protein expression changes of Wnt-10a and protein localization in K562 cells. Real-time PCR and Real-time PCR were applied to investigate mRNA expression of key proteins in Wnt signalling pathway during K562 defferentiation process. Wnt signaling pathway activator and Wnt-10a high expression K562 cell line were used to explore the influence of altered Wnt pathway. Results Wnt-10a protein and mRNA expressions were upregulated after a brief down in the erythroid differentiation process of K562 cells induced by hemin when, Wnt-10a protein migrated to the cell membrane. The key factors of the main Wnt signaling pathways changed during K562 differentiation. By using Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor, cell proliferation capability was enhanced during K562 differentiation by hemin. When Wnt-10a was highly expressed, the ability of induced differentiation of K562 cells was improved. Conclusion These results show that -10a protein is closely related with K562 cell differentiation induced by hemin, which may offer clues for further study of the mechanism of leukemia and cell differentiation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Biomechanical consequences of different step-off displacement and degree of acetabular fractures DONG Yi-long*QIAN Yue-nan HUANG Xiang-xiang LIU Liang-le CAI Chun-yuan YANG Guo-jing 2015, 46 (6):  802-806.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.013 Abstract ( )   Objective To study biomechanical effect of different direction of the step-off caused by rotational displacement involving in the weight-bearing articular area of acetabular fracture, and to reveal the distribution and variation of stress and contact area. Methods Ten acetabular specimens were included in the study. The image information of the pressure-sensitive film after loading was scanned into the computer and analyzed by a contact pressure measurement software to calculate the area of contact. Intact（group I）, anatomical（group K）and different level of step-off (group A: 1mm; group B: 2mm; group C: 3mm; D group: 4mm; Group a:-1mm; group b:-2mm, group c: -3mm, group d: -4mm) acetabular frature were measured for contact characteristics between the acetabulum and femoral head. The data were analyzed by SPSS19.0 statistical analysis software. Results The contact area of intact acetabulum was （7.59±4.42）cm2. Anatomical reduction group and group A generally had the normal structure of acetabulum and did not change the contact area significantly. The other groups caused significantly decrease of the contact area (P<0.05). The contact area of superior region in intact acetabulum was (3.72±0.04) cm2, which was decreased after fracture. The pronation step-off reached 3mm or greater and supination step-off 3mm or more, superior region contact area significantly reduced. Conclusion Step-off displacement caused by acetabular fractures changes the biomechanical properties of normal hip joint and significantly alters the distribution the contact area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cone beam CT evaluation of unilateral scissors-bite posterior molar patients with orthodontic treatment: condylar morphology and location WANG Xin SHEN Huan* YANG Yong-jin LI Zhi-ren* 2015, 46 (6):  812-818.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.015 Abstract ( )   Objective To analyse the condylar morphology and location of the scissors-bite patients by cone beam computed tomography(CBCT),and investigate the remodeling changes of condylar after scissors-bite side solved. Methods Twenty cases between 18-28 years old with unilateral scissors-bite were selected as the experimental group and 25 cases between 18-30 years old with ClassⅠmalocclusion were selected as the control group.All the forty-five subjects had no orthodontic treatment before. Both groups had three-dimensional CBCT imaging with examvision system. Different measurement points and lines of the condylar morphology and location, and 7 measured values were statisticallly analyzed. Results None statistically significant was observed in control group（P＞0.05）, The mandibular fossa depth and the condylar height showed statistically significant differences between the scissors-bite and non-scissors-bite sides（t=13.271,t=15.278, P＜0.01）. After treatment and kept stable for 3 month, statistical significances of anterior joint space and posterior joint space were found as compared with before（t=5.524,t=-5.119,P＜0.01）. Conclusion There are differences in condylar morphology and location of unilateral scissors-bite posterior molar patients, after -bite solved for 3 month. There is a tendency to more downward and forward positions in fossa, and there are no special characteristic changes in the condylar morphology observed in this study. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression and significance of receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and its ligand Gas6 in thyroid papillary carcinoma ZHANG Wen-jing SUN Lin ZHANG Jing WU Jing-fang* 2015, 46 (6):  785-790.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.010 Abstract ( )   Objective To analyze the role and correlation of Axl and Gas6 during the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by detecting the expressions of Axl and Gas6 in the PTC tissues. Methods The expressions of Axl and Gas6 proteins in PTC were detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemical SP method, and the relationships with the clinical pathology characteristics were analyzed. The transcriptional level changes of Axl mRNA and Gas6 mRNA were tested by Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Results 1. The results of immunohistochemistry staining showed Axl proteins were expressed in different strength in all PTC tissues. Axl positive proteins were mainly located in the cancer cell membrane, A few were found in the cytoplasm. In nodular goiter(NG) and normal tissues adjacent to the tumors Axl expression was weakly positive or negative.Gas6 was mainly expressed in PTC cells cytoplasm, and negative expression in NG and normal tissues adjacent to the tumors. Axl and Gas6 positive expression rate in PTC was significantly higher than in NG and normal tissues adjacent to the tumors（P＜0.01）whose expressions were no significant difference between in NG and normal tissues adjacent to the tumors（P＞0.05）. The abnormal expressions of Axl and Gas6 were unrelated to the age, sex and size of the tumor (P>0.05) of PTC patients, but associated with the lymph node metastasis and pathological stage (P<0.05). 2. The results of Western blotting showed the Axl and Gas6 proteins in PTC tissues were significantly more than in NG and normal tissues adjacent to the tumors with statistical significance. (P<0.05), but no statistical difference between in NG and normal tissues adjacent to the tumors (P>0.05).3. The results of Real-time PCR showed the transcriptional expression levels of the Axl mRNA and Gas6 mRNA in PTC tissues were significantly higher than in NG and normal tissues adjacent to the tumors with statistical significance(P<0.05), but no statistical difference between in NG and normal tissues adjacent to the tumors (P>0.05). Conclusion Axl and Gas6 exist in PTC and NG tissues,and their expressons are stronger in PTC tissues than in NG.The higher expressions of Axl and Gas6 have the positive correlation with the lymph node metastasis and clinicopathologic stage. Axl and Gas6 play an important role in the process of PTC,including the occurrence, development,invision and metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Radiosensitivity on A549 cells by dihydromyricetin pre-intervention in vitro SUN Da-yong BI Hong-dong LIANG Hong-hu ZUO Yan-zhen*WANG Ai-min JIAO Hai-tao 2015, 46 (6):  797-801.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.012 Abstract ( )   Objectiv To study the radiosensitivity of dihydromyricetin (DMY) on human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells, and to explore a new drug for lung cancer radiotherapy sensitization.Methods MTT assay and colony formation assay were used to determined the IC20 of dihydromyricetin at different density A549 cells. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the change of A549 cell cycle phase impacted by DMY of IC20during different time (6, 12, 24, 48hours). Colony formation assay was used to determine the radiosensitivity on A549 cells by dihydromyricetin pre-intervention in vitro. Results The proliferation of A549 cells was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, MTT assay showed the IC20 was 40mg/L and colony formation assay showed the IC20was 7mg/L. FCM cycle experiment showed that the rate of G2/M phase ratio obviously increased when A549 cells was incubated 24 hours with DMY；A significant sensibilization leading by the effect of radiotherapy sensibilization on A549 cells after DMY pre-intervention 24 hours was not detected by clone formation sensibilization assay.Conclusion The proliferation of A549 cells was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner of dihydromyricetin, and the effect was influenced by cell density. Although the rate of G2/M phase ratio obviously increased when A549 cells were incubated 24 hours with DMY,  there was no significant sensibilization on A549 cells after DMY pre-intervention 24 hours. A further study should be made. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparative analysis of the fat distribution characteristics of Han males adults worked in Tibet with Tibet males adults in Tibet by using bioelectrical impedance analysis method ZHANG Hai-long XI Huan-jiu* FU Qiang LI Wen-hui LIU Su-wei ZHONG Hua BAIMA Duoji 2015, 46 (6):  837-842.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.019 Abstract ( )   Objective To measure the body fat content of Han adults males worked in Tibet and Tibet males in Tibet by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis method, and to compare the two groups’ values to discuss the fat distribution feature and regularity of two groups. Methods A total of 337 Han adults males worked in Tibet and Tibet males in Tibet (Han male for 164 cases, Tibet male for 173 cases) were randomly selected and the selected subjects had sighed the informed consent as the research object. The subjects were detected by the body composition analyzer which concluded the total fat, left upper limbs (left lower limbs, right upper limbs, right lower limbs, trunk) fat content, the body adipose rate, and left upper limbs (left lower limbs, right upper limbs, right lower limbs, trunk)fat ratio.The results were inputted in SPSS19.0, a statistical software package, and processed by independent sample t test and variance analysis. Results The fat contents(total,limbs and trunk) of Han male adults were lower than Tibet male adults(P<0.01 or P＜0.05). The total fat and each part fat content in two groups were increased with age, appeared two peaks, one in 30 years old age group and another in 40 years old age group. After the peak the fat content curve was flat and even decreased of lower limb fat content in 50 years old and above age group of Han male adults. Conclusion The fat contents(total,limbs and trunk) of Han male adults are lower than Tibet male adults. The fat contents of two groups(Han and Tibet) change with the growth of the age, and the general fat content is rising, but the change trend of the fat in different parts is different. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of morphological facial index in Tibetan youths ZHONG Hua PUQIONG Ci-ren XI Huan-jiu LA Zong LIU Lan ZHANG Hai-long FU Qiang* 2015, 46 (6):  843-847.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.020 Abstract ( )   Objective To study the morphological facial index characteristics of the native Tibetans youths. Methods Totally two hundred and forty two Tibetan nationality people aged from 18 to 25 years old in Lhasa were selected to measure the face breadth,face height and morphological facial Index. Results Face breadth and morphological facial index of Tibetan youths of different ages there were significant differences(P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between morphological facial index and age(P<0.01). Conclusion Morphological facial indexes are as follows, hypereuryprosopy (38.4%), euruprosopy(33.5%), mesoprosopy(19.4%) of Tibetan Youths. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cortical lamination and cellular polarization in reeler mice MU Xiao-yun LI Yong-qiang LIANG Shuang SHI Shu-qin FU Su DENG Jin-bo* 2015, 46 (6):  721-728.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.001 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the role of Reelin in the process of cortical lamination, cell differentiation and polarization as well as the relevant regulatory effects of Reelin signaling pathway. Methods A total of 96 wild-type (WT) mice and reeler mice from embryonic day 17(E17) to postnatal day 21(P21) were used in this study. The radial glial cells, neural stem cells, and polarity protein were visualized by utilizing immunofluorescent labeling, Nissl staining，5-bromo-deoxyuridine(BrdU) assay and DiI tracing method. The polarity of pyramidal cells in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were also measured. Results Comparing with WT mice, the cortical lamination was disordered due to the lack of Reelin in reeler mice. The orientations of radial glial cells were disorder accompanied with number decreases. BrdU positive cells were arranged in dispersion accompanied with number increase. Conclusion Reelin plays an important role in the development of neuronal migration, neural proliferation and cortical lamination, especially in the process of polarization of pyramidal cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of oxidative damage on malignant transformation of bone marrow-derived hepatic progenitor cells WEN Zhao-yang SHI Zheng-ming ZHAO Na XUE Xiao-wei FENG Ping WANG Xue-jiang* 2015, 46 (6):  780-784.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.009 Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the role of oxidative damage in malignant transformation of bone marrow-derived liver stem cells. Methods Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were divided into three groups: control group（BMSCs）, GF induction group（BMSCs+GF）and Hydrogen peroxide stimulate group（BMSCs+GF+ H2O2). Albumin (ALB) mRNA, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA and CK18 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR at 7d, 14d, 21d and 28d. Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) was detected by immunocytochemical technique. DNA contents were detected by Schiff dyeing. Aneuploid somatic cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results The results of in vitro experiments showed that there were expressions of ALB mRNA, AFP mRNA and CK18mRNA in group BMSCs+GF and group BMSCs+GF+ H2O2. The expressions of AFP mRNA, CK18mRNA, γ-GT, DNA contents and aneuploid somatic cells in group BMSCs+GF+ H2O2 were higher than that in group BMSCs+GF. Conclusion Reactive oxygen species can induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and malignant transformation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Synapse loss in visual cortex of mouse after prenatal nitrite exposure LI Rui-ling CHEN Yong-fang WANG Ying DONG Hong-jing SHI Shu-qin DENG Jin-bo*DENG Jie-xin* 2015, 46 (6):  729-736.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.002 Abstract ( )   Objective To understand the nitrite’s toxicity to the quantitative alternations of synapses and explore its possible mechanism in mouse visual cortex using prenatal nitrite exposure(PNE) models. Methods The pregnant dams were exposure to nitrite from E0 (embryonic day 0) to parturition and divided into control group, moderate dose group (60mg/kg) and high dose groups (120mg/kg). Pups with different treatments at P0, P7, P14 and P30 were harvested. Synaptophysin expression and γ-synucein expression in visual cortex were visualized with immunocytochemistry technique and Western blotting. Synaptophysin positive puncta and γ-synuclein positive neurons were measured, and their correlation was tested with statistical analysis. Results The pups’learning and memory reduced after nitrite exposure. The synaptophysin positive buttons reduced after prenatal nitrate exposure with dose dependency (P<0.05), and the γ-synuclein positive cells increased with dose dependency (P<0.05) as well. There was negative correlation between synaptophysin expression and γ-synuclein expression. Western blotting supported the results from immunofluorescent labeling. Conclusion Prenatal nitrite exposure can induce the synapse loss with dose dependency and long-term effect, and the abnormal aggregation of γ-synuclein may contribute to the synaptic loss. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Morphological evidence that rotatory stimulation to vestibular end organs activates paraventriclar hypothalamic nucleus neurons ZHANG Hao-qiang FANG Yan Lü Xing ZHANG Fu-xing* LI Jin-lian LI Yun-qing 2015, 46 (6):  737-741.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.003 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the activation of paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (Pa ) neurons in response to motion stimulation of venstibular end organs in order to explore the role of Pa in vestibularautonomic responses and the neural mechanism therein. Methods A total of ten male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were equally divided into two groups, i.e. control and vestibular lesion groups. Sodium 4-aminophenylarsonate (100 g/L ) was injected bilaterally into tympanic cavities to destroy the labyrinth of inner ear. After 2 hours-motion stimulation by double-axes rotation for two groups of animals, brain blocks containing Pa were removed and cut coronally into slices of 25μm thick. The sections were then processed for Fos protein immunostaining by avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method before examination, quantification and statistical analysis of Fos-positive neurons in Pa. Results Successful chemical labyrinthectomy induced body imbalance presenting with head jerking or trembling rock from side to side, shaking and unstable or circular walking behaviours. Immunohistochemical staining showed a great number of Fos-postive neurons in several regions of Pa, with higher staining density observed in Pa, periventricular hypothalamic nucleus and lateral hypothalamus. Statistical analysis demonstrates that Fos-positive neurons in Pa，as compared with those in normal animals, were significantly reduced in animals of vestibular lesion group (P<0.05 ), represented by 104.00±7.00 and 62.67±7.06 for normal and lesioned animals, respectively. Conclusion Vestibular signal activates Pa neurons, suggesting that Pa neurons play specific roles in generation of vestibular-autonomic responses. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Lentiviral vector mediated Nurrl gene-modified mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease rat model WANG Xiao-xiao FU Wen-yu* ZHUANG Wen-xin LI Feng-jie WANG Qian LIU Jin-cheng 2015, 46 (6):  742-749.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.004 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) modified by nuclear receptor-related factor 1 (Nurrl) gene transplanted into the striatum of Parkinson’s disease rat model. Methods Eighteen rat models of Parkinson’s disease (PD) were successfully induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) injection into the right striatum. BMSCs infected by GV287-Nurr1 lentivirus carrying green fluorescence were transplanted into the striatum of six PD rats (the experiment group). Randomly set up six PD rats as saline group (the sham-grafted group) and six PD rats as negative lentivirus GV287 infection of BMSCs group (the control group). After 1, 2 and 4 weeks, the behavioral change of the rats was induced by apomorphine (APO). The expression change of Nurrl and TH in the striatum and substantia nigra were examined by immunohistochemical staining, and the expression change of Nurrl mRNA and TH mRNA in the striatum and substantia nigra were detected by RT-PCR. Results The Nurr1 protein was detected in BMSCs and its supernatant after infected by lentivirus GV287-Nurr1. After transplantation 1, 2 and 4 weeks compared to the sham-grafted group the rat rotational behavior of the control group and the experiment group were improved, and that of the experiment group improved more obvious. The implanted Nurr1-positive cells survived and migrated to the cortex and the contralateral brain tissue along the corpus callosum. Compared with the sham-grafted group and the control group, the expression of Nurrl and TH at protein and mRNA levels of the lesion side of the striatum and substantia nigra after transplantation in experiment group were increased significantly. Conclusion Lentiviral vector mediated Nurrl gene-modified BMSCs can effectively improve the symptoms of PD rats and increase the expression of Nurrl and TH in striatum and substantia nigra of Parkinson’s disease rat model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Assessment of diffusion tensor imaging on development of partial corticospinal tract in the brain of children SHEN Dong-hui ZOU Song* 2015, 46 (6):  807-811.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.014 Abstract ( )   Objective To explore the difference of corticospinal tract in age and sex in children using diffusion tensor imaging. Methods Ninty children (age ranged from 5 days to 18 years) without abnormal central nervous system signs and symptoms and with normal head MRI were classified into 5 age groups:.infant group (group 1, ≤1 year old), young child group (group 2, ＞1-3 years old), pre-school age group (group 3, ＞3-6 years old), school age group (group 4, ＞6-12 years old) and adolescence group (group 5, ＞12-18 years old). Each age group was further subdivided into the gender subgroups. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed and the regions of interest (ROI) were selected according to ROI method to reconstruct corticospinal tracts. All the diffusion coefficients of tracts were measured and analyzed statistically. Results The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) value, fractional anisotropy(FA) value, average length,Tracks and volume of tracts showed significance in different age groups (P<0.01). Post-Hoc test revealed that ADC value, FA value and average length were significantly different between age group 1 and 2. FA value presented significantly different between group 2 and 3. The differences of ADC value, FA value, average length, tracks and volume of tract were found between group 3 and 4. ADC value was negatively correlative with age. FA value, average length, tracks and volume of tract were all positively correlative with age. Conclusion Development of the corticospinal tract shows periodicity with periodic features. Diffusion tensor imaging can be used as a tool to observe and evaluate development of corticospinal tract in children. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Therapeutic effect of neuregulin1β on the dysfunction of learning and memory in rats with chronic omethoate poisoning RONG Li-xia SUN Shan-shan DING Kun ZHANG Rui ZHANG Mei-zeng* 2015, 46 (6):  750-756.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.005 Abstract ( )   Objective To observe the effect of neuregulin1β (NRG1β) on the level of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase(ERK)1/2 (p-ERK1/2), and explore the therapeutic mechanism of NRG1β on the cognitive dysfunction in rats with chronic omethoate poisoning. Methods Rats with strong learning and memory ability were selected by Y-electric maze test to establish the cognitive impairment model by subcutaneous injection of omethoate［5mg/(kg·d)］ for 4 weeks. After the model was established, rats in the treatment group were injected with NRG1β into their ventricles. The cognitive capacity of rats was evaluated with Y-electric maze. The morphology and ultrastructure of hippocampus were observed by haematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. The expression of p-ERK1/2 was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and Western blotting. Results Y-electric maze test showed the cognitive ability in rats with omethoate exposed (model and treatment groups) reduced significantly compared with normal rats, but the ability of treated rats was improved obviously compared with that of model rats. In compare with normal rats, obvious injury of hippocampus was observed in the model group by HE staining and TEM, and the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 decreased significantly. In the rats treated with NRG-1β, the injury was milder than the model rats, and the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 increased significantly. Conclusion In the chronic omethoate poisoning rat, NRG-1β can promote the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 in hippocampus, and may play an important role in the improvement of cognitive function. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of intervention of follicle-stimulating hormone/ follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the vitrification mouse ovary CHEN Jie CHANG Qing YANG Yan-zhou PEI Xiu-ying HEI Chang-chun YU Jia SUN Miao WANG Yan-rong* 2015, 46 (6):  819-823.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.016 Abstract ( )   Objective To investigate the best way of hormone intervention for protecting the vitrification ovarian tissues via observation of the morphological changes of ovary and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF）after the intervention by follicle-stimulating hormone（FSH）/FSH+ luteinizing hormone (LH）in the whole process of vitrification. Methods Four-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups:the fresh control group(CG),the vitrification control group(VCG), the vitrification group intervention by 300 IU/L FSH(OG-FSH) and the vitrification group intervention by 150 IU/L FSH+150 IU/L LH(OG-FSH+LH),30 ovary samples per group. The changes of morphological structure of ovary,the expression of VEGF protein and mRNA in every group were observed and analyzed using routine histology, Western blotting and Real-time PCR. Results The percentage of normal follicles was the highest in OG-FSH+LH group,and significantly higher in OG-FSH+LH group than in OG-FSH group (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF protein was higher in OG-FSH+LH group than OG-FSH group(P<0.05).The order of intensities of expression for VEGF mRNA was OG-FSH+LH group> in OG-FSH group>in VCG group (P<0.05). Conclusion The best intervention way is FSH+LH interpose in the whole process of vitrification, which is in favour of the expression of VEGF. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cardiomyocyte spontaneous regeneration following isoproterenol-induced left ventricular injury in rats CAI Xin-hua* CAI Qing-hui ZHANG Yong-chun TIAN Xiang-qin 2015, 46 (6):  824-831.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.017 Abstract ( )   Objective The notion of the adult heart as a terminally differentiated organ without the potential for self-renewal has been undermined by the identification of a subpopulation of proliferating cardiomyocytes in both the healthy and pathological states. Our purpose is to determine whether the expression of stem cell markers was associated with the spontaneous regeneration of cardiomyocytes in rats following isoproterenol hydrochloride (ISO)-induced cardiac necrosis. Methods Rats (n=40) were injected subcutaneously with 4 mg/(kg.d) ISO for 7 days. The morphological structures were observed, the expression of stem cell and caridomyocyte markers were detected, and the characteristics of proliferation cell were surveyed in the necrotic area utilizing morphology, immunofluorescene and EdU labeling technology. Results The histopathological examination showed that the ischemic necrosis was limited to the area of the myocardium near the endocardium. A small number of round or ellipsoid and rod-shaped cells with strongly stained acidophilic cytoplasm were dispersed throughout the necrotic LV tissue. The ultrastructure analyses showed that the rod-shaped cells had the features similar to those of naive cardiomyocytes. The immunofluorescent staining showed that c-kit+/gata+ cells, nanog+ cells, CD34+/gata+ cells and CD34+/factor Ⅷ+ cells were present in the necrotic tissue. The EdU labeling showed that the cTnI+ cells in the necrotic area were actively proliferating cardiomyocytes. Conclusion Cardiac stem cells expressing c-kit, nanog, or CD34 participate in the spontaneous regeneration of necrotic area caused by ISO. The naive cardiomyocytes are formed in necrotic area. The CD34+ stem cells participate in the repair of the micro-vessel in the necrotic area of the myocardium. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Changes of peroxiredoxin Ⅲ, catalases and superoxide dismutases expression in the heart of rats with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury WANG Qie WU Qiong WANG Su-ling WANG Lei* 2015, 46 (6):  832-836.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.018 Abstract ( )   Objective To observe the oxidative stress level of myocardial tissue and the changes of peroxiredoxin Ⅲ（PrxⅢ）, catalases（CAT）andsuperoxide dismutases（SOD）expression in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI)model of rats. Methods Totally 12 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. The hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury model of rats was established based on Kohli V’s methods. Only was the hepatic pedicle separated in control group. The serum, liver and heart were taken followed by 6h reperfusion. The activities of serum alanine transaminase（ALT）and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）LDH were detected by the rate method. The morphological changes of liver and heart were observed with HE staining. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in myocardial tissue was determined by Thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method. The expressions of PrxⅢ, CAT and SOD mRNA in myocardial tissue were evaluated by RT-PCR and protein levels of PrxⅢ, CAT and SOD were estimated by Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group, the activity of ALT and LDH in serum, MDA content in HIRI group were significantly increased. Structures of liver tissue of HIRI model were severely impaired according to the results of HE staining, but that of the heart were not changed. The mRNA and protein level of PrxⅢ, CAT and SOD in myocardial tissue of HIRI model were increased markedly. Conclusion HIRI can not cause the change of heart structures, but the myocardial tissue suffers from peroxidative damage. The antioxidase PrxⅢ, CAT and SOD may play an important role in the antioxidation effect during the process and protect the myocardial tissue. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparison of methods for preparing mouse ileum vascular transparent specimen XU Jia-yi HE Zi-wei SU He-jing* ZHANG Jie Lü Meng-xiang WANG Zhao-long TAI Hong-xiang 2015, 46 (6):  848-851.  doi: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2015.06.021 Abstract ( )    Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of the method for preparing mouse ileum transparent vascular specimens with different fillers and transparent manner. Methods The viscosity coefficients(VCs) of the filler through a simple capillary tube were measured. Eight mice were divided into 4 groups. The blood vessel was washed by the modified perfusion method, injected with different fillers, and treated with different transparency. The refractive indexes(RIs) of ileum tissues and transparent agent were compared. Results Both of the VCs and filling effect of material nitrocellulose were better than other groups. At 20℃, the difference value of RIs between ileum tissues and transparent solutions were 2.2×10-3 nD (Glycerin) and 65.8×10-3 nD (Transparent-fixative), respectively.Conclusion The specimen which was filled with nitrocellulose and treated with transparentfixative method has the better effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics